How to fertilize bonsai plants?

Bonsai has less soil and limited nutrients, so it must be replenished constantly, otherwise the branches, weak leaves, yellow flowers and sparse fruits will affect the ornamental effect. At the same time, bonsai plants to inhibit their growth, generally do not need to fertilize too much, more application is easy to make the branches and leaves grow too dense, affecting the shape. So how to fertilize bonsai plants?

I. types of fertilizers

1. Organic fertilizer

It mainly includes human feces and urine, stable manure, poultry dung, green manure, bone meal, plant ash, bean cake, sesame sauce residue and so on, as well as waste organic matter in daily life, such as fishy water, rice washing water and so on. Organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer for bonsai plants because of its wide range of sources, low cost and comprehensive nutrients. Organic fertilizer must be fermented and mature before application, otherwise it will release heat and burn the plant roots after fertilization.

two。 Inorganic fertilizer

Mainly refers to all kinds of synthetic chemical fertilizers. Commonly used are urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate, ferrous sulfate and so on. The application of chemical fertilizer is relatively clean and hygienic, and the bonsai placed indoors should mainly be topdressing chemical fertilizer. Chemical fertilizer contains more specific nutrient elements, when plants are in urgent need of certain nutrient elements or appear element deficiency, the effect of corresponding chemical fertilizer is better than that of organic fertilizer.

II. Fertilization methods

1. Base fertilizer

The fertilizer applied to the basin soil when it is put on or turned over is called base fertilizer. The fertilizer used as base fertilizer is generally rotten solid organic fertilizer, which is commonly used as compost soil, bone powder, rotten cake fertilizer and so on. The fertilizer effect of base fertilizer is slow, but the fertilizer effect is long, which can provide long-term nutrient supply to plants.

two。 Topdressing

The fertilizer applied to supplement the nutrient deficiency of the potted soil during the plant growing period is called topdressing. Topdressing can be divided into soil topdressing and extra-root topdressing.

Topdressing the soil. It is generally diluted with rotten organic fertilizer solution and diluted with water into the basin. Topdressing organic fertilizer solution should be based on the principle of "frequent application of thin fertilizer". Generally, the fertilizer solution should be diluted 15 ~ 20 times. It is appropriate to use chemical fertilizer to fertilize indoor bonsai.

Extra-root topdressing. That is to say, spraying chemical fertilizer solution on the leaf surface has the advantages of fast fertilizer efficiency and less fertilizer consumption. Spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate before flowering can promote flowering and increase fruit setting rate. When there is a deficiency in plants, it can also be treated with extra-root topdressing. It is appropriate to spray fertilizer before 10:00 and after 4 o'clock in the afternoon, and strictly control the fertilizer concentration to avoid fertilizer damage.

Third, the relationship between fertilization and plant species and plant growth and development stages.

Generally, foliage plants are mainly fertilized with nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer application is based on the principle of not stimulating overgrowth. Bonsai flowers and fruits need a large amount of fertilizer and it is appropriate to increase the application of phosphate fertilizer. Plants in acid-loving soil should properly apply "alum fertilizer water". When making organic liquid fertilizer, about 1% ferrous sulfate is added and used after fermentation.

Different stages of plant growth and development have different requirements for nutrients. In general, in late spring and summer, plants enter a period of vigorous growth, it is appropriate to apply more fertilizer, the growth rate slows down after autumn, less fertilizer should be applied to avoid overgrowth, and most plants enter the dormant period in winter. Fertilizer should be stopped. The bonsai of flowers and fruits should be applied with phosphate fertilizer during the period of flower bud differentiation and before and after flowering.

The above is the introduction of bonsai plant fertilization methods, breeding bonsai plants friends, can refer to the above fertilization methods, combined with the actual breeding conditions, reasonable fertilization.