When will tomatoes be sown in the south? What are the main points of planting methods in greenhouse?

Tomato is native to South America and is widely cultivated in the north and south of China. Tomato fruit is rich in nutrition and has a special flavor, which can be eaten raw, cooked, processed ketchup, juice or whole fruit can be stored. It is understood that tomato has a long harvest time, high yield and large planting area. Autumn seeds can generally survive the winter safely in the middle and south of Guangdong Province, and early planting can sell at a good price. When will tomatoes be sown in the south? What are the main points of planting methods in greenhouse?

When will tomatoes be sown in the south?

Tomato varieties with strong resistance to freezing and disease should be selected when growing tomatoes in greenhouse in South China. Tomato can be divided into two types according to its growth habits, namely, infinite growth type and limited growth type (self-capping variety). Infinite growth type, long flowering period and high yield; limited growth type, early and concentrated flowering, concentrated supply time and relatively short supply time. Tomato varieties suitable for growing in the south are "Jinpeng No. 1", "Yali 616", "Xinong 2011", "Maofan 802" and so on.

The main supply time of tomato in greenhouse is during the Spring Festival, and the suitable sowing time is from mid-late August to early September.

II. Key points of planting methods of Tomato in greenhouse in South China

1. Sowing seeds

Put the nutrient soil into the nutrition bowl, put the nutrition bowl in the border to ensure sufficient water in the border, then put the budding seeds into the nutrition bowl, each container put a seed, cover the soil, the seedling bed temperature is 2530 ℃. Before sowing to seedling emergence, there is no need for ventilation in the greenhouse. After seedling emergence (when the seedling emergence rate is more than 80%), ventilation is used to refine the seedling to avoid excessive temperature in the greenhouse. The temperature should be controlled at 25: 30 ℃ during the day and 15: 20 ℃ at night. Before the first true leaf is unearthed, special attention should be paid to the control of the temperature difference between day and night to prevent the seedlings from overgrowing. After the appearance of 7-8 true leaves, it is ready for transplanting. One week before planting, pay attention to ventilation, lower seedling bed temperature, less watering, low temperature seedling refining.

2. Colonization

Tomato has a long growth cycle and high fertility requirements, so it is necessary to apply sufficient basic fertilizer before planting, applying completely mature farm fertilizer 2000kg per 667m2, combined with trace element fertilizer, combined with ploughing, and applying ternary compound fertilizer 100kg per 667m2, which is sprinkled on the soil surface after ploughing. In addition, bean cake 100kg is applied every 667m2, which is near the cultivation hole. When planting, choose sunny day, select healthy, disease-free strong seedlings, size row planting, plant distance from 45cm, 2000 plants / 667m2. After planting, pour enough water and loosen the soil properly.

3. Fertilizer and water management

(1) Irrigation requirements

When squatting seedlings, that is, before the first ear fruit is set, the root should not be watered; the third fruit bud just blossoms, the second fruit broad bean size, or the first fruit walnut size can not be watered. Three to five days after the completion of planting, the first watering began. Before the fruit of the first ear is stabilized, the tomato is mainly vegetative growth, in the case of slow seedling water and planting water, the rest of the time basically does not need watering or topdressing.

(2) fertilization requirements for tomato.

There is a great demand for nitrogen and potassium, as well as an appropriate amount of phosphorus. When the fruit of the first ear is settled, 20~30kg/667m2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer can be applied, combined with watering. When the fruit of the second ear and the third ear expands rapidly, topdressing should be applied in time, generally topdressing 3 times, 20~25kg/667m2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. When the fruit is enlarged, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied to the leaves for 3 times, which can not only effectively prevent diseases and insect pests, but also effectively promote the development of the fruit.

4. prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The common diseases and insect pests of tomato are Botrytis cinerea, early blight and stem rot, and the main pests are aphids and ladybugs.