The introduction of the planting method of Chinese yam, pay attention to four points can be high yield!

Chinese yam is a kind of plant used for both medicine and food, its flesh is tender, the stem is thick and juicy, sweet and slimy, and sticky, it has the effects of rich nutrition, nourishing fitness, beauty and beauty, no matter raw food or hot food is very delicious, so it has become a regular guest on people's dinner table, attracting many farmers to plant. So, how to grow yam? The following is to introduce the planting method of yam for you.

What are the varieties of yam?

There are many kinds of yam, such as water yam, iron bar yam, Xiaobaizui yam, cow leg yam, hemp yam, fine hair yam, Ganoderma lucidum yam, etc., among them, the water content of water yam is very high, it will be broken at a touch; iron bar yam is a fine kind of yam, its meat is more delicate and compact. Xiaobaizui yam is known as the most delicious yam, which gives full play to the beauty, taste and nutrition of yam, while corbels yam looks very stout and tastes very noodle.

Second, how to grow yam?

1. Planting time

China has a vast territory, and the planting time is mostly different. Generally, it can be planted when the ground temperature is stable at about 10 degrees. East China is generally planted around Qingming Festival, North China is generally planted in late April, and Northeast China is generally planted in early April. The Yangtze River Basin is generally planted in the first and middle of April.

2. Planting plots

The land for planting Chinese yam is required to be fertile sandy soil with good drainage, and sandy loam or loam fields with high dryness, good drainage, deep and soft soil layer should be selected, the soil should be slightly acidic to neutral, and the soil quality should be consistent from top to bottom. If there is a thin heavy clay layer in the lower layer, it should be dug out when digging ditches.

3. Soil preparation and trenching

It is necessary to prepare the soil before planting yam, turn the soil deeply in winter and shallow soil in spring, and then dig deep trenches around the field, up to about 1m deep and 0.6-0.8m wide. If the plot is too long, waist trenches should be added to facilitate drainage.

4. Seed potato sowing

(1) seed selection: to select a suitable variety 20-25 days before planting, you can cut the disease-free root into small segments with a length of 15-20cm, mark the upper and lower ends, then dip each section in hydrated lime powder, and then place it horizontally in the sun for a few days until there are fine cracks at the end of the section.

(2) Open shallow trench: pull the rope in the center of the block, open the shallow trench along the rope according to the row spacing of 1m, deep 5.6cm, and drill holes one by one with 10-12cm thick steel bars in the ditch to go deep into the bottom of the loose soil layer.

(3) planting seed potato: place the upper end of seed potato horizontally on the mouth of the hole along the trench to guide the new root tuber to extend vertically. After a good ditch, the soil is covered and ridged, and the ridge is high 10cm.

(4) Application of base fertilizer: 20-30cm deep turning of soil between rows on both sides of the planting ditch, applying base fertilizer, and fully mixing with turning soil.

5. Field management

(1) Seedling emergence management: after the emergence of yam, it is necessary to get rid of sick and weak seedlings in time, foliar fertilizer, timely spraying to control diseases and insect pests, and watering the soil thoroughly with bottom water before yam planting, and once shallow water 10-15 days after emergence, do not overwater.

(2) Stem vine management: Chinese yam is a stem vine crop, so if you want to build a shelf, you can use a bamboo pole to build a shelf; in order to prevent the lodging of the shelf, the shelf can adopt the "human" shape, which is fixed at a 45-degree angle between the bamboo poles. The bottom should be buried 20-30 cm deep in the soil, and the crossed bamboo poles should be tied tightly and firmly. In order not to affect the lighting, the shed should not be too high, the rows should not be too dense, therefore, the length of bamboo pole should be 1.3 meters to 1.5 meters.

(3) reasonable drainage: as the saying goes, "drought produces flat, waterlogging produces circle". Yam should be watered reasonably during the growth period to maintain the moisture of the soil. According to the dry and wet condition of the soil, small water can be watered frequently, not flooded.

(4) Prevention and control of diseases and pests: the main diseases of Chinese yam are brown spot and anthracnose, and the main pests are leaf wasps of Chinese yam, which can be controlled by spraying.

6. Timely harvest

Chinese yam is generally harvested after Frosts Descent, after the stems and leaves withered. If the yam is harvested too early, it contains much water and is easy to break. If it is not in a hurry to go on the market, it can spend the winter in the field and be harvested before sprouting in mid-late March of the following year.

Third, what should we pay attention to when planting yam?

1. Yam should not be cropped continuously and should be rotated once every 3 years.

2. If Chinese yam meets rain, it will cause soil hardening, so we should loosen the soil and plough the soil immediately to maintain the good permeability of the soil.

3. Yam should be weeded in time, and the grass will compete for nutrients and affect the normal growth of Chinese yam.

4. Chinese yam is afraid of flooding. It should not be watered too much at ordinary times, and drainage should be paid attention to in the rainy season.

The above is the introduction of the planting method of yam, pay attention to four points to achieve high yield!