The target price system of agricultural products needs to be established urgently.

People concerned believe that in the face of the double squeeze of the cost "floor" and the price "ceiling", and the double constraints of the "red light" of resources and the "yellow line" of subsidies, the construction of the national grain reserve system should take more measures to regulate both the symptoms and the root causes, and make good use of the two means of market regulation and government regulation on the premise of safeguarding national food security and protecting farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain. We will promote the formation of a benign interactive pattern of good planting, good processing and good sales.

First of all, refine the collection and storage policy, discuss the price on the basis of quality, and gradually form a regulation and control system with the combination of market price and direct subsidy.

Lu Xiaodong, general manager of China Grain Storage Heilongjiang Branch, believes that the purchase price of temporary storage corn can be reduced, and gradually return to market regulation, supplemented by government regulation, so as to alleviate the high cost problem of enterprises from the source. At the same time, the direct subsidy to farmers for planting corn can be increased by the way of target price to ensure that the income of farmers growing grain is not reduced. Ouyangping, president of the Heilongjiang Branch of the Agricultural Development Bank, believes that we should strengthen the quality requirements for the acquisition of corn for temporary storage, form a stricter price system according to quality, ensure that good grain sells at a good price, and force farmers to cultivate high-quality grain.

Secondly, policy regulation should be used to promote the adjustment of agricultural planting structure. Some experts believe that we should restore the policy of minimum purchase price for wheat in Heilongjiang Province, guide farmers to adjust their structure, increase the planting of food rations, and reduce the planting area of corn.

The current grain inventory in Heilongjiang is full of trenches, which is prominently reflected in the large planting area, large output and large reserves of corn. At present, the planting area of corn in the province has reached 110 million mu, with an annual output of about 100 billion jin, an annual collection of about 80 billion jin, and a high policy inventory.

Hu Dongsheng, director of the Heilongjiang Provincial Grain Bureau, said that if there is a suitable price guarantee and increasing wheat yield per unit area through irrigation, corn planted across regions in the north can be reduced, wheat-bean rotation and structural adjustment can be realized, and sustainable agricultural development can be promoted. At present, Heilongjiang Province buys 30 to 4 billion jin of wheat from other provinces every year. If the province expands its planting, it can meet the demand for food rations on the spot and reduce the planting area of tens of millions of mu of corn.

Secondly, explore the target reserve and target price system, and gradually abolish the temporary reserve policy. Ma Xiaohe, vice president of the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that at present, the proportion of grain reserves in consumption in China has exceeded 70%. If the proportion of grain reserves in total consumption is reduced to 30%, it will greatly reduce public financial expenditure and waste of resources.

"this target reserve system should also be combined with the target price mechanism." Ma Xiaohe said: when setting the price for China's purchase of grain reserves, we can make reference to international experience, that is, regardless of the ups and downs of the market price, the government's purchase price can always be a constant proportion higher than the market price. South Korea has adopted such a policy that the government buys 10% of the grain from farmers every year, which is about 35% higher than the market price, regardless of the market price. We can also follow this method of acquisition, so that it will not interfere with the formation of market prices.

Third, crack down on smuggling, support processing and other measures to improve China's grain collection, storage, processing and management capacity. It is necessary to severely crack down on the smuggling of rice into the south, reduce the impact of smuggled rice on China's rice processing industry, and avoid the chain closure of rice processing enterprises that have been "strong and weak" for many years. At the same time, we should properly control the import of substitutes for corn and deep-processed corn products to promote the digestion of domestic corn stocks.

Li Zhuyuan, director of the Industry guidance Department of the Heilongjiang Grain Bureau, said that Heilongjiang ranks first in grain output in the country, but at present, there is little industrial grain, especially the corn deep processing capacity is seriously insufficient, and the problems of strong species and weak sales, large quantity and short chain, and poor quality and price are prominent. Social capital should continue to be encouraged to build warehouses and factories in producing areas and participate in the reform of local state-owned grain enterprises. At the same time, we should deeply tap the potential of grain conversion industries such as animal husbandry and spirit, and expand the production and use areas of corn fuel ethanol.