What problems may be encountered in the cultivation and cultivation techniques of mushrooms? How can it be remedied?

Mushroom is a common edible fungus, with 36000 species. Mushroom is a kind of food with high protein and low fat, which is rich in nutrition. Eating mushrooms can also increase appetite, defecation and detoxification, sedation and analgesia, enhance resistance and other effects. The good market benefit of mushroom makes growers pay attention to it. Let's take a look at the cultivation and cultivation techniques of mushrooms and see how to increase production as much as possible.

1. Cultivation and cultivation techniques of mushrooms

1. Build a mushroom house

The first thing to prepare for growing mushrooms is the mushroom room, so what are the requirements for the mushroom room? The more commonly used mushroom houses are built in greenhouses, but you can also use the first-class basement of old houses and so on to grow mushrooms. The mushroom room should be well ventilated but also strong, because to grow mushrooms, you need to open the doors and windows regularly for ventilation. The mushroom room is required to keep warm and humid in winter, and there is no light when the mushroom room is closed. Pay special attention to the rat hole and beware of pests! In addition, there is another point near the mushroom house to consider whether there is a clean water source, but also to see if it is conducive to drainage.

2. Preparation of planting nourishment

The nutrients for growing mushrooms are generally livestock manure, wheat straw, wheat bran, rice straw, cornstalk and so on. How to configure mushroom nutrients? How to configure to achieve high yield? If you take a 400m2 mushroom house as an example, you need 3000-4000 kg of corncob, 6-8 square meters of fresh chicken manure and 1500-2000 kg of lime. Lime water is used to treat corncob and PH14 is required. According to a layer of fresh chicken manure and a layer of corncob, turn it every three or four days, so you can stick to it for half a month.

3. Disinfect the mushroom house.

Because mushroom nutrients are piled up and fermented, and mushrooms belong to fungi, it is necessary to start disinfecting and sterilizing the mushroom room after the nutrients are piled up, and then close the doors and windows of the mushroom room. The indoor temperature of the mushroom room is required to be about 60 degrees Celsius. The temperature can be reduced to 50 degrees in three hours. Just stick to it for a week and let the nutrients sterilize and sterilize in fermentation.

4. Laying nourishment and inoculation

Mushroom nourishment needs to be paved after it is ready, and the mushroom bed should be about 15 centimeters thick. And then there's mushroom vaccination. You can use hole sowing to inoculate, with regard to the density of inoculation, according to your actual situation, if you want to speed up the fermentation rate, you can inoculate a little denser. Then you can cover the mushroom with fertile soil.

The yield and quality of mushrooms are closely related to water management and temperature management. The humidity can be 70% in the early stage and 85% in the later stage, and water frequently at the same time. If you want to speed up the production of mushrooms, the temperature should be controlled at 10-18 degrees during fermentation and 20-28 degrees when mushrooms are produced.

Second, what problems may be encountered in the process of growing mushrooms? How can it be remedied?

1. What if the hyphae can't reach the soil layer?

This problem is mainly due to excessive or inadequate fermentation of the nutrients, or the wrong PH value of the culture materials. When you cover the soil and water too much, too much water flows to the hyphae, resulting in death. How can it be remedied? This situation needs to adjust the PH value, increase ventilation, and deal with excessive moisture as soon as possible.

2. What if there are dead mushrooms, dense mushrooms or abnormal mushrooms?

Dead mushrooms, dense mushrooms or abnormal mushrooms are usually not well ventilated due to temperature and nutrients. Too high temperature may lead to dead mushrooms, poor fertilizer will lead to the weakening of the growth ability of mushroom hyphae, the emergence of dense mushrooms.

If the mushroom is dead, it may be related to the temperature. At this time, ventilation should be done as soon as possible, and no more watering. Lowering the temperature is the best remedy. If there is a dense mushroom, it is usually a problem with fertilizer and temperature. The nourishment is too thin or dry, which is to maintain the normal temperature and then add fertilizer.

3. Open the umbrella hard

If the mushroom has a hard open umbrella, the problem is related to the humidity and temperature of the air. In order to avoid this problem, we should pay attention to the temperature difference and the humidity of nutrients.