Efficient ecology of agriculture depends on innovation

Fundamentally speaking, agriculture must be driven by innovation in order to achieve efficient ecology, which is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:

First of all, driven by the innovation of the science and technology system. We know that the current agricultural science and technology system is basically the science and technology system of chemical agriculture, because we rely on a large number of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as additives, hormones, antibiotics, and so on, which all belong to the category of chemical agriculture. in the future, we will gradually replace chemical agriculture with ecological agriculture and move towards a sustainable science and technology system, in which the key is to implement biological agriculture and physical agriculture. Because the labor object of agriculture is some biological groups, it is necessary to implement bio-agriculture. If we use chemical inputs blindly, it will destroy the coordination between biological groups. We can make use of the principle of mutual growth among biological groups to achieve the role of mutual growth and win-win, prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Bio-agriculture will be an important development direction of our agriculture in the future. Physical agriculture regulates light, heat, water and gas. We all know that the growth of crops, including animals, requires a harmonious allocation of light, heat, water and gas. Through physical design, such as facility agriculture, it will create an environment conducive to the growth of animals and plants. There is a typical LED lamp monochromatic cold light, for different production periods of plants after irradiation, it will produce very robust, especially for vegetable seeds, because many of our vegetable seeds are imported, very expensive, a vegetable seed costs several yuan. If farmers raise seedlings, the germination rate will not be high, and several pieces will be lost in one tree. However, after a certain amount of light, the seeds germinate 100%, and the seedlings do not slow the seedling stage, they grow directly, and they are very strong, and farmers like them very much. These are the things that physical agriculture will do in the future. For example, heavy metal pollution is harmful not only to grain, such as cadmium rice in Hunan, but also to some melons, fruits and vegetables. After adding a certain amount of water to the field with attapulgite, it can adsorb heavy metals on it and finally propose it, which is a physical technology successfully identified by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. There are still many technologies in this area, and there are also great prospects for application in the future. we can integrate physical agricultural technology and biological agricultural technology into the agricultural science and technology system, and get rid of the trouble of chemical agriculture to agriculture, which is the innovation of the scientific and technological system. You may still remember that in "People's Daily" in 2007, Xi Jinping, who was also a member of the Zhejiang Provincial CPC Committee at that time, published an article entitled "taking a New Road to Agricultural Modernization with High efficiency and Ecology". What we want to create in the future is an efficient and ecological agricultural science and technology system, which is the first aspect of innovation drive.

Second, management mechanism innovation-driven. As we all know, our current management of water, soil, agricultural production, environment of producing areas, and comprehensive agricultural development is scattered in different departments, and it is not up to the agricultural sector to decide. This mechanism is very unsmooth, but this is the way it is. This situation will lead to functional imbalance, either vacant everyone does not care, or overlap, everyone wants to manage, and the functions overlap and interfere with each other. It is impossible for China's agricultural management mechanism to innovate, and our innovation drive must be fully reflected in it. In his explanation on the decisions of the CPC Central Committee on comprehensively deepening Reform, Xi Jinping said: "We must realize that mountains, rivers, fields, forests and lakes are a community of life, and the lifeblood of man lies in the field, the lifeline of the field lies in the water, and the lifeline of the water lies in the mountain. The mountain has its lifeline in the soil, and the earth's lifeline in the tree. Use control and ecological restoration must follow the laws of nature. if those who plant trees only plant trees, those who control water only care about water, and those who protect fields simply protect the fields, it is easy to take care of one or the other, resulting in systematic destruction of the ecology. A department is responsible for the control of all land and space uses within the territory, and it is very necessary to uniformly protect and restore the mountains, rivers, fields, forests and lakes. "

Third, management system innovation-driven. In the past, we mainly engaged in primary production, but now we need to implement a new management system of the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, as well as the industrialized operation and socialized service of agriculture. In the past, our technology mainly depended on the agricultural technology promotion station of the government, and the socialized service system in the future is very flexible and dynamic. In addition, the financial services system should keep up. We have neglected the financial services in the rural areas in the past, but we have to keep up with them in the future. With the large-scale development, the operating unit of agriculture will become an enterprise, and capital is its blood. If it is anemic, it cannot be done well, so the financial service system should keep up with it and let our agriculture not be anemic. At the same time, the market service system should also keep up. If the existing market service system continues, it will certainly restrict the sustainable development of our agriculture. With the addition of the market service system and "Internet +", agriculture will take off even more in the future.

The National Plan for Sustainable Agricultural Development (2015-2030) is a programmatic document guiding China's agriculture to achieve efficient ecology. The strategy of innovation-driven development has been connected many times in the text. For example, the second article of the basic principles points out that "innovation drive should be adhered to in coordination with legal governance", which highlights the importance of innovation drive in the sustainable development of agriculture as a whole. It requires grasping the drive on one hand and the legal system on the other. Why do you say that? Because the rule of law can not only guarantee our innovation drive, but also set up a reasonable track for innovation drive. In addition, the plan also emphasizes "vigorously promoting agricultural science and technology innovation and mechanism innovation","releasing new vitality of reform, promoting scientific planting, focusing on strengthening new impetus for innovation-driven development, and promoting changes in agricultural development methods". The plan proposes that "by 2020, our contribution to scientific and technological progress should reach 60%", which relies on innovation drive, not only relying on original innovation but also on introduction, digestion and absorption, and more on integrated innovation. At present, I think agriculture should pay special attention to integrated innovation, that is, to quickly connect the existing scientific and technological achievements in stock to agricultural production and play a great role. For example, the technological model of ecological agriculture and some technological models of circular agriculture depend on the integration and innovation of various biotechnology and physical technologies, and only by developing towards the integrated model of biological agriculture and physical agriculture can China's agriculture truly move towards the road of sustainable development.