What are sweet potato high-yield cultivation techniques? Choosing the right breed is crucial!

Sweet potato belongs to both food crops and cash crops in China, which is rich in nutrition and has a good consumer market. at present, many areas are encouraged to expand the planting area of sweet potato, so what are the high-yield cultivation techniques of sweet potato? Which variety is more high-yielding?

What are the high-yielding varieties of sweet potatoes?

At present, the widely cultivated sweet potatoes can be divided into four categories: edible sweet potato, high starch sweet potato, medicinal sweet potato and feed sweet potato.

From the feedback of growers, the yield of edible sweet potato and high starch sweet potato is higher. Here are some sweet potato varieties with good quality and considerable yield, taking these two species as an example.

1. Edible sweet potato

Edible sweet potato varieties with high yield are recommended: Yanshu 25, Shangshu 19, Xushu 18, Yushu 13, Pushu 23, Yanzishu 1 and so on. These varieties have stable yield, strong resistance and sweet and soft taste, whether they are roasted, fried, fried or directly eaten raw.

2. High starch sweet potato

High starch and high yield sweet potato varieties are recommended: Sushu 11, Yushu 7, Shangshu 9, Sushu 8 and so on. These varieties have very high starch content and are suitable to be used as raw materials for starch production.

2. Key points of high-yield cultivation techniques of sweet potato

1. Parcel selection

The cultivation of sweet potato needs to choose sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose soil and fertile and breathable soil, so that the nutrients in the soil and the nutrients supplemented by subsequent fertilization can be fully absorbed by sweet potato, so as to ensure the quality and yield of sweet potato.

2. Ridging tillage

Practice has proved that, compared with direct flat farming in the field, ridging tillage will increase the yield of sweet potato, which is not only conducive to drainage and irrigation, but also make the root system of sweet potato more developed, thus increasing the yield of sweet potato.

3. Apply a good base fertilizer

The base fertilizer of sweet potato should be based on potash fertilizer, supplemented by nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, the approximate proportion of which can be referred to phosphate fertilizer: nitrogen fertilizer: potash fertilizer = 1:2:3.

4. Planting time and density

Sweet potato planting is generally carried out by cutting, the survival rate is high, and high-yield sweet potato is generally cultivated by oblique cutting. the best time to plant sweet potato is from the end of April to mid-early May, no later than late May at the latest. The oblique planting amount can be referred to about 4000 plants per mu.

In addition, the temperature and weather factors should also be taken into account when planting, and it should be planted on a sunny day of 18 ℃.

5. Field management

The field management of sweet potato mainly includes seedling replenishment, mid-tillage weeding, prosperity control and pest control.

(1) Seedling supplement

One week after planting, we should go to the field to check whether there are dead seedlings after oblique planting, and then replenish the seedlings in time.

(2) weeding by ploughing

The first intertillage can be carried out after the sweet potato seedlings survive and germinate, and then the second intertillage can be carried out at an interval of half a month, and the third intertillage should be carried out when the sweet potato vines grow all over the field, and the weeds in the field should also be cleared.

(3) controlling prosperity

Controlling the growth of sweet potato is a necessary operation for high yield. the first thing to do is not to turn the vine, and then choose a special sweet potato control agent according to the growth of sweet potato. Note that sweet potato should be controlled as soon as possible, and the dosage should be strictly controlled according to the instructions of the selected agent.

(4) Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The common diseases of sweet potato are black spot, root rot and potato blast, and the pests are grubs, leaf rollers and Spodoptera litura, which should give priority to prevention, combine prevention and control, go to the field more often, and find that the epidemic situation can be controlled pertinently.