How to prevent frost injury of fruit trees in winter?

Winter has come, and every year the orchard has a great impact on the production of the orchard because of frost injury. Therefore, it is necessary to take precautions against it, and if there is a remedy, it will not only damage but also increase the cost, so how to prevent frost injury of fruit trees in winter?

I. the location of frost injury of fruit trees

① twigs frost injury. Due to the late growth of fruit trees, immature twigs, the tissue is not full, the protective tissue is not developed, and it is easy to dry up and die from freezing injury.

Freezing injury of ② branches. Normally developed branches will also suffer frost injury when the temperature is too low. Some branches have no obvious change in appearance, but the xylem becomes brown in color, and then a black heart is formed. The freeze-damaged branches sprouted late, the leaves were thin or abnormal, and the growth was abnormal.

Freezing injury of ③ branches and stems. The cortex of the frozen branches sunk or cracked, the interior turned brown and black, the tissue died, and in severe cases, the big branches also died one after another.

④ root neck frost injury. The root neck refers to the dry base of the fruit tree, the cold resistance of the root neck of the fruit tree is poor, the cortex of the rhizome blackens and dies after freezing, light occurs locally, heavy forms a black ring, surrounds the stem, and the whole plant dies.

⑤ root freezing injury. The freezing injury of the root system growing underground is not easy to be found, but it seriously affects the growth of the aboveground. It is manifested in the late or irregular sprouting in spring, or the phenomenon of drying and shrinking after putting leaves. The outer cortex of frozen roots turned brown, and the cortex was separated from xylem, even exfoliated.

II. Preventive measures

① cleared the snow from the trees in time. As the fruit tree has not yet fallen leaves, heavy snow covers the crown branches and leaves, increasing the load on the branches and leaves, which will cause the branches to bend and break.

② smokes and freezes after snow. The evening of heavy snow and sunny days should be in the garden, warming up with 6 piles of smoke per mu of orchard, and stop smoking after the sun comes out on the second day for 2-3 nights in a row, which has a good effect of dispelling cold and preventing frost.