How are potatoes stored? What are the ways?

Potatoes have the nutrition of grain, vegetables and fruits, and are more resistant to storage. They are widely adaptable and distributed all over the world. How can potatoes be stored? What are the options?

What are the main potato varieties in our country?

1. Fresh potato edible and export varieties

Zhongshu No. 3, early maturity, 60 days after emergence can be harvested; Zhongshu No. 5, early maturity, 60 days after emergence can be harvested; Dongnong 303, very early maturity, 55~60 days after emergence mature; Feiwuruita, early maturity, from emergence to maturity about 60 days; Kexin No. 1, medium maturity, growth period from emergence to harvest about 95 days.

2. High starch varieties

Xishu No. 1, middle maturity, growth period from seedling to maturity 80 days; Jinshu No. 2, middle maturity, growth period from seedling to maturity 95 days.

3. Fried food processing and fresh food dual-purpose varieties

Atlantic, medium maturity, growth period from emergence to maturity about 90 days; summer potty, medium maturity, growth period from emergence to maturity about 95 days.

4. Varieties with larger planting area

Mila, Weishu 1, Qingshu 168, Jinshu 7, Bashu 10, Longshu 3, Dongnong 303, Kexin 4, Weiyu 3, etc.

How are potatoes stored? What are the options?

1. Potato ditch storage

Potatoes are harvested in mid-July and stored in shade or empty houses until October. Ditch depth 1-1.2m, width 1-1.5m, ditch length unlimited. Potato thickness of 40-50 cm, cold areas up to 70-80 cm, above the soil insulation, to be covered with the temperature drop. The potatoes in the ditch should not be too high. Otherwise, the temperature at the bottom and middle of the ditch is easy to be high, and the potato pieces will be rotted due to heating.

2. Potato storage

Potatoes are stored in well cellars or kilns. Each cellar can store 3000-3500 kg. Because only the ventilation at the cellar mouth is used to adjust the temperature, the heat preservation effect is better. However, it is not easy to cool down in the early stage of cellar, so potatoes cannot be filled too full, and pay attention to the opening and closing of cellar mouth. As long as it is properly managed, potato storage is very good. When the cellar is used for storage, the cover layer on the top of the cellar should be thickened and the cellar body deepened to avoid freezing damage. The height of potato pile in cellar shall not exceed 1.5m, otherwise it is easy to sprout and rot due to heat at the initial stage of cellar entry.

3. Refrigerated potatoes

After dormancy period, potato can be transferred to cold storage to control germination and water loss well. It can be stored in cold storage or packed in boxes. The temperature is controlled at 3-5℃ and the relative humidity is 85%-90%.

4. Potato irradiation

Potato irradiated with 8-15kRr-ray has obvious bud inhibition effect. The irradiated potato can be stored well for several months at room temperature.

5. Potato methyl naphthylacetate treatment method

Dissolve 150 g of methyl naphthylacetate at a concentration of 98% in 300 g of acetone or alcohol, mix with 10 to 12.5 kg of fine soil, and sprinkle evenly on potato tubers. After potatoes are stacked or packed, they should be covered with a layer of newspaper or linen.

6. Potato bud inhibitor treatment method

Plants were sprayed with 0.25% maleic hydrazide 7 days before harvest, and resprayed once in case of rain within 24 hours. After such treatment, store in conventional manner.

7. Potato spice preservation method

Spices such as almonds, cinnamon, cumin, peppermint oil and thyme can make food palatable, and new experiments show they can also keep potatoes fresh.

8, potato jasmine essence storage method

Methyl jasmonate, which gives jasmine its unique fragrance, can be used to prevent potato germination during winter storage. It also has the advantage that it does not interfere with the healing of wounds on harvested potatoes and does not leave any odor behind.