The planting method of sand fruit (begonia fruit)

Sand fruit looks like an apple and is about the same size as Hawthorn. It is a unique fruit in China. It is sour, sweet and delicious, rich in nutrition and high in medicinal value. So, what is the method of growing sand fruit? Let's get to know it together.

1. Parcel selection

The selection of plots is very important, planting sand fruit should choose places with convenient transportation and good irrigation conditions, which are generally built on gentle slopes, deep soil, fertile soil, slightly saline-alkali land, leeward and sunny land.

2. Seedling selection

High-quality strong seedlings with a height of 80-120cm, developed roots, no damage and no diseases and insect pests are required, and quarantine certificates are required; seedlings are required to have more than 4 lateral roots, the daily length is above 15cm, and seedlings are required to be evenly distributed; seedlings must have more than 8 strong buds on the fixed position, which is beneficial to send out good branches after drying and ensure the survival of grafting. At the same time, check whether the seedlings have autumn shoots, generally smooth surface, less hairs, without autumn shoots, the stronger the cold resistance; if the seedlings wrinkle skin dehydration, should be eliminated in time, choose fresh skin fruit tree seedlings.

3. Planting density

The planting density is determined according to the size of trees, the planting density is about 44 trees per mu, wide rows and narrow plants can be used between fruit trees and crops, and the planting density is 2 × 8 meters and 2.5 × 6 meters. The dwarf crown adopts 2 × 4 meters row spacing, 83 trees per mu, fruit-grain intercropping 2 × 6 meters, of course, the plant spacing of 3 × 2 meters can be used, 111 trees per mu, or 3 × 4 meters, and the number of plants per mu is about 56.

4. Configuration of pollination tree

Pollination trees should choose those with certain economic value that are suitable for the local environment, good varieties, high seed setting rate, and can enter the flowering stage with the main varieties at the same time. Generally, a row of pollination trees should be arranged every 3-4 rows of main varieties, and the planting proportion is 2:1.

5. Land preparation and planting

First of all, dig a round pit with a diameter of 90 cm and fill it with straw and topsoil at the bottom of the pit. 50-100 kg of manure, 1 kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.1 kg of black alum are applied to each pit. Spring planting should be completed in April, and root water should be watered after planting. Autumn planting should be completed before September, and the planting depth should be parallel to the ground at the interface of the rootstock, and the dry should be 60-80 cm or 80-100 cm after planting. At the same time, different tree shapes are selected according to different planting density, and "small crown sparse layer shape" is adopted for 3 × 5 meters. 2 × 4 m is "free spindle", and 2 × 8-9 m, 2.5 × 6 m and 2 × 8 m are "cylindrical in the middle of the base three main branches".

6. Management methods

From the second year of planting, digging holes around the trees, pressing straw and green manure into the pits, applying farm manure and changing soil at a depth of 80-100 cm, the orchard applied high-quality farm manure as base fertilizer in autumn, 30 kg per plant in 2-3 years and 50 kg per plant in 4-5 years. According to the size of soil fertility and tree age, the amount of fertilizer application can be increased or decreased according to the size of soil fertility and tree age. Shallow ditch fertilization or hole application can be used. After the new shoot leaves are expanded, 0.3% urea solution is sprayed once, and the appropriate spraying time is 10: 00 a.m. and 4: 00 p.m. When the soil water holding capacity of the orchard is less than 50%, there will be more Rain Water in July-September, so irrigation should be decided according to rainfall, and measures should be taken to drain stagnant water in the rainy season at the same time.

7. Disease and pest control

The common diseases and pests are Dendrolimus punctatus, yellow thorn moth, apple nest moth, floating dust and so on. The specific pest control measures are as follows: painting young trees before adults lay eggs, which can not only prevent pests from laying eggs, but also prevent freezing injury; artificial nets catch pests when the morning dew of adults and nymphs is not boiled; wooden sticks can be used to squeeze egg marks before hatching to kill overwintering eggs; make use of the phototaxis of pests to trap and kill pests in orchards. Raise natural enemies of insect pests, such as raising chickens in orchards; strengthen orchard management, carefully select suitable intercrops to improve insect resistance; and use pesticides to control 40% omethoate EC 1000MW 15000x, 90% trichlorfon, 90% dichlorvos 1000 times, or enemy kill 1000Mel 1500 times.

The above is a detailed introduction of sand fruit planting methods, I hope I can help you!