How to plant strawberry seedlings with high survival rate?
Strawberry is a rare kind of fruit with good color, aroma and taste, which is planted all over our country, and strawberry seedlings are the main way of planting, so how to plant strawberry seedlings with a high survival rate?
I. selection of strawberry seedlings
At present, strawberries are mainly planted in the greenhouse, and the greenhouse strawberries should choose varieties with shallow dormancy, not affected by storage and transportation, good quality, high resistance to insect diseases, high yield and suitable for planting in the greenhouse, such as Zhang Ji, Hong Yan, Fengxiang and so on.
In addition, in the strawberry field, it is the best to plant 4-5 varieties. The yield of strawberries can be greatly increased through the planting of appropriate multi-strawberry varieties. In the process of mixed planting of early-maturing strawberries and medium-ripe strawberries, early-maturing strawberries should be planted together to disperse the peak picking period.
2. Treatment of strawberry fields
1. Field selection
Honda, which has not planted strawberries for many years, should be selected as the production of strawberries in greenhouse.
2. Base fertilizer
Field application of organic base fertilizer, about a month before planting, generally apply fully mature organic fertilizer 1500kg / mu as base fertilizer, and ploughing and harrowing many times.
3. Make the border head
Before construction, 50 kg of imported ternary compound fertilizer and 50 kg of calcium superphosphate were applied as noodle fertilizer, and 10 kg of phoxim granules per mu to control grubs and other underlying pests.
III. Planting of strawberry seedlings
1. Planting time
Strawberry growers basically adopt the planting method of "planting once a year", that is, planting in early September, picking and clearing the shed in late April of the following year, and then flooding the orchard, leaving it idle until mid-August to start fertilizing, ploughing and ridging to prepare for the planting of strawberry seedlings in September.
2. Planting method
Row spacing 25~30cm and plant spacing 18~20cm were cultivated in greenhouse with double-row triangular planting with 6500-8000 plants per mu.
In addition, it is necessary to master the planting depth, which requires deep non-immersion, shallow non-exposure of roots, and 0.5~1.0cm of seedling heart away from the soil surface.
Strawberry seedlings should be planted after 3: 00 p.m. on cloudy or sunny days, and remove the old leaves before planting.
3. Management of strawberry seedlings after planting.
(1) watering
Strawberry seedlings were watered immediately after planting, watered once a day in the evening within 5 days after planting, and then watered every other day until the seedlings survived.
(2) topdressing
Strawberry topdressing in greenhouse is generally applied 2 or 3 times after planting live trees to before and after mulching with black plastic film. Each mu was poured with 3-5 kg urea dissolved in about 1000-1500 kg of water. In the future, topdressing is mostly carried out according to the seedling potential.
In general, topdressing combined with watering should be carried out during the high temperature period.
(3) gibberellin treatment
Spraying gibberellin could elongate the inflorescence of strawberry and promote the early flowering of strawberry. After the strawberry seedling was transplanted and survived and the plant had more than 4 leaves, gibberellin aqueous solution was sprayed on the seedling center, which could be applied at the same time with foliar fertilizer.
(4) thinning buds and flowers
The buds and flowers should be thinned as soon as possible. Generally speaking, this work can be carried out after flowering. Mainly to leave 1, 2, 3 flowers, first remove 4, 5 flower buds, black flowers (frozen flowers) and seriously deformed fruit. Generally speaking, the terminal inflorescence of each strawberry leaves 6 or 7 fruits, and the remaining fruit of each inflorescence depends on the growth and harvest.
(5) Disease and pest control
The main diseases and insect pests of strawberry in greenhouse are grub, gray mold, powdery mildew, aphids, leaf mites and so on.
The method of management combined with chemical control should be adopted to prevent diseases and insect pests.
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