Detailed explanation of planting techniques of Chinese Cabbage in early Spring

Chinese cabbage is one of the more edible vegetables in daily life, the market price is relatively low, but the nutritional value is very rich. As a kind of vegetable which is easy to grow and manage, Chinese cabbage is planted by many farmers. Today, let's learn about the planting techniques of cabbage in early spring.

I. detailed explanation of planting techniques of Chinese cabbage in early spring

1. Choose the appropriate planting mode.

In terms of production, the planting patterns of Chinese cabbage in early spring are diversified, such as greenhouse planting, small and medium-sized arch greenhouse planting, plastic film mulching planting and open field cultivation and so on. Different cultivation modes should choose the corresponding varieties. Different periods of listing lead to greater differences in prices. When choosing which cultivation mode, we should comprehensively consider the local climatic conditions, soil fertility, water conservancy and irrigation, market marketing, location traffic and other comprehensive factors to ensure high quality and high efficiency, increase production and income, and do a good job in targeted production.

2. Variety selection

First of all, vegetable farmers should choose cold-tolerant varieties tolerant to low temperature and bolting in early spring Chinese cabbage. Choose varieties that mature 50-55 days after planting, or yellow-core Chinese cabbage varieties that mature about 65 days after planting. Early spring Chinese cabbage seeds, vegetable farmers generally choose Korean Spring King, Chunxiao, Xinqiang, Japanese Liangqing, domestic strong, disease-resistant yellow core and so on.

3. Suitable temperature for growth

During the growth period, the optimum temperature is in the range of 10-22 ℃, when it is higher than 25 ℃, it will cause poor growth. Early spring Chinese cabbage is easily affected by low temperature in the early and middle stages of planting, which promotes flower bud differentiation, and is easily affected by high temperature in the later growth stage, so it is difficult to form good leaf balls. Early spring varieties require strong tolerance to low temperature, not easy to bolting and flowering, short growth period, fast heading, good quality, high yield and early listing.

4. raising seedlings of Chinese cabbage in early spring

Early spring Chinese cabbage seedling time is generally in the "the Beginning of Spring" solar terms, 10 grams per mu. It is necessary to prepare the nursery bed before sowing, choose about 5 square meters per mu, raise seedlings in a small shed or greenhouse, raise about 5000 seedlings per mu, use seedling bowls or paper bags, plant about 3000 plants per mu, sow 1-2 grains per hole, cover soil 0.5cm after sowing, cover with plastic film, and add grass to keep warm at night. During the seedling raising period, the seedling bed temperature is not lower than 13 ℃ at night and kept at 25: 28 ℃ during the day. When the seedling is over 30 ℃, the air should be released in time. The mulch should be removed when the seedlings are complete. The seedling age is about 30 days.

5. Colonization

The planting time of Chinese cabbage in early spring is in the solar term of "stinging". When planting, the seedling age should be 25-30 days, with 4-5 true leaves, and the temperature should be stable at 10-13 ℃, with 2 rows per row, plant spacing of 40 cm and 2 500-3 000 plants per mu.

6. Field management

After planting, the slow seedling stage should be mainly squatting seedlings to promote root growth. After the simultaneous attack of fertilizer and water, irrigate water every 8-10 days, and apply 10-15 kg of urea or 20 kg of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer per mu with the water. Avoid flooding, watering can cover the back of wet ridges, foliar fertilization is carried out during the growth rosette period, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2% urea can be sprayed, and 0.7% calcium chloride can be sprayed to promote heart-holding and long leaves and prevent heartburn. At the same time, pay attention to the air to prevent the breeding and spread of soft rot caused by high temperature and humidity.

7. Disease and pest control

There is no need to control diseases and insect pests in the whole growth period of Chinese cabbage in early spring, and there is generally no occurrence of diseases and insect pests. If you need to spray some foliar fertilizer, you can add some foliar fertilizer to improve the control effect.

2. Fertilization technique of Chinese cabbage by stages in early spring

1. Fertilization at seedling stage of Chinese cabbage: combined with inter-seedling, medium tillage and light application of seedling fertilizer, 500kg of human feces and urine and 5kg of urea per mu, in order to promote the healthy growth of seedlings.

2. Fertilization in rosette stage of Chinese cabbage: when spring cabbage enters this period, the growth of spring cabbage is obviously accelerated, and the amount of fertilizer required is also increased. Fertilizer should be applied in time, 1500 kg of high-quality farm manure, 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of phosphorus and potash fertilizer.

3. Fertilization during heading period of Chinese cabbage: in the early stage of heading, 2000 kg / mu of high quality farm manure, 20 kg of urea, 15 kg of plant ash or potassium sulfate should be applied 7-10 days before Baoxin, and 1000 kg / mu of human feces and 1500 kg of human feces should be applied in the middle and later stage of heading.