What are the symptoms of tomato Fusarium wilt? How to prevent and cure?

Tomato Fusarium wilt is easy to occur in the process of tomato planting, once the disease occurs, it will affect the yield and marketability of tomato. What are the symptoms of tomato Fusarium wilt in time? How to prevent and cure?

What are the symptoms of tomato Fusarium wilt?

In the early stage, Fusarium wilt mainly appeared on the leaves close to the ground. At the initial stage, the leaves turn yellow, then turn brown and dry, but the withered leaves do not fall off and are still attached to the stem. The withered and yellow leaves sometimes appear only on one side of the stem, and the leaves on the other side of the stem are still normal, or yellowing on one side and normal on the other. The appearance of diseased leaves developed from the bottom to the top. Except for the top leaves, the leaves in the whole plant died in the later stage, and the vascular bundles of stems, petioles and fruit stalks near the ground were brown. Pink mildew often occurs at the base of the stem in wet weather. It takes about half a month to a month from the beginning of the diseased plant to the whole plant withering. The speed at which diseased plants die depends on the climate. There are differences in environmental conditions. After the spring tomato was infected with Fusarium wilt, it gradually intensified with the increase of temperature. After the autumn tomato was infected at the seedling stage, the disease tended to be alleviated due to the gradual decrease of air temperature, but the diseased plant was significantly dwarfed, the result was less, and the yield was affected in varying degrees. The symptoms of tomato Fusarium wilt and bacterial wilt are similar, so they are easy to be confused in diagnosis.

Second, how to control tomato Fusarium wilt?

1. Before transplanting or after harvest, remove weeds in the field and around, concentrate on burning or retting fertilizer, turn the ground deeply to kill stubble and sun up the soil, promote the decomposition of disease and residue, and reduce the source of disease and insect.

2. The nutritious soil for raising seedlings should choose aseptic soil and be exposed to the sun for more than three weeks before use.

3. Crop rotation, seriously diseased fields and cruciferous vegetables, melons, onions and garlic rotation for 3-5 years, if cucumbers are planted, black-seeded pumpkins must be grafted.

4. select disease-resistant varieties, disease-free and coated seeds. If uncoated, the seeds should be sterilized with seed dressing agent or seed soaking agent.

5. Seedling transplanting, covering with medicinal soil after sowing, and spraying insecticide and fungicide before transplanting is the key to disease prevention.

6. Select the fields with convenient drainage and irrigation, open the drainage ditch, lower the groundwater level so that there is no stagnant water in the rain; clean the ditch system in time after heavy rain to prevent moisture retention and reduce the humidity in the field, which is an important measure to prevent disease.

7. For fields with many soil germs or serious underground pests, apply sterilized and insecticidal soil before sowing or furrow.

8. Compost retted by enzyme bacteria or rotten organic fertilizer shall not be used with bacteria, and the organic fertilizer shall not contain disease residues of undergraduate crops.

9. Turn the soil deeply and increase the application of organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote the healthy growth of crops and improve their disease resistance.

10. Timely control of insect pests, reduction of plant wounds, reduction of pathogen transmission; timely removal of diseased leaves and diseased plants, and out-of-field burning, disease point application or quicklime.

11. It is effective to use wild eggplant, poisonous eggplant or red eggplant as rootstock, cultivated eggplant as scion and split grafting method to prevent disease.