What kind of insect pests are easy to appear in the production of edible fungi? How to prevent and cure?

There are many kinds of edible fungi, including Lentinus edodes, straw mushrooms, mushrooms, fungus, Tremella, etc., with different nutrition and are deeply loved by consumers. In the specific edible fungus cultivation process, which insect pests are easy to appear? How to prevent and cure?

What kind of insect pests are easy to appear in the production of edible fungi?

1. Brown rot

Brown rot mainly harms mushrooms, straw mushrooms, etc., and is a common disease. when the disease occurs in the first batch of mushrooms, covering soil is usually the main vector, and then a large number of infections occur, that is, it is transmitted by harvesting tools and harvesting personnel, of course, the air, rats, and so on may spread.

2. Soft rot

Soft rot is mainly caused by sporomycetes. Symptoms: when the disease occurs, white pathogenic hyphae will appear around the covered soil on the bed. In this case, we must deal with it in time to prevent the bacteria from rotting. Preventive measures: farmers can reduce the spray of water on the bed, reduce the humidity of the soil, and sprinkle some lime powder on the sick area.

3. Brown spot

Brown spot disease, also known as dry bubble disease, verticillium disease, the main harm is mushrooms, symptoms: about 12 days from the beginning of the disease, brown spots began to appear on the cover. Causing mushrooms to dry and crack and deform. Most of its transmission routes are due to splashing water, mushroom flies, mites, tools, hands and so on. Preventive measures: carbendazim in the ratio of 1 to 500 can be used in the affected area.

Second, how to control the insect pests in the production of edible fungi?

1. Try to adopt fermentation or clinker cultivation to control the insect population in the culture base, and the cultivation bed of Pleurotus ostreatus should adopt fermentation material. 0.5% salt, 3% lime, 5-8% plant ash and so on are added when mixing, which has better deworming and preventive effect.

2. Before entering the shed, the bacteria bag or culture material should be disinfected in the empty shed: spray with 0.3% dichlorvos + 0.1% enemy; or fumigate the mushroom house (shed) with 10 g / m3 of aluminum phosphide, fumigating for 48 hours at about 20 ℃ and 24 hours at more than 25 ℃, the insecticidal effect can reach 95-100%.

3. When the border planting material surface occurs, spraying 1-2% washing powder solution has a strong contact killing effect on mushroom flies, adult mites, old and young mites.

4. Making use of the law that some pests like to move in the light-transparent and cool environment, spray the liquid such as Mianshiling on the transparent plastic film and cover the border bed 1-2 times a day, 3-4 times in a row, which can kill the adults of flying insects.

5. Install several 15-watt light bulbs or black lights in the pest mushroom house, put a basin of water below, and drop kerosene into the water, which is very effective in trapping and killing adults such as mushroom mosquitoes, fungus mosquitoes and fruit flies.

6. Sugar and vinegar solution trapping: sugar, vinegar, liquor, dichlorvos and water are mixed into a medicine solution according to the proportion of 2 kinds of sugar, vinegar, liquor, dichlorvos and water. The medicine is soaked with gauze or cotton balls, wrung out and placed on the material surface. When the cutter smells sweet and sour, it climbs onto the cloth or cotton and is poisoned.

7, mix the food that pests like to eat with poison, such as vinegar, sugar, insecticide, fried wheat bran, mix well according to the proportion of 1, 5, 10, 84, sprinkle around the mushroom bed and allow them to feed; for mushroom flies, mushroom mosquitoes, nematodes and other pests can also use plant ash + pyrethrum (1 g / square meter) evenly spread on the material surface, even 2-3 days, the effect is very good, both insect control and disease prevention.

2. In the low temperature season, the method of "first pointing and then killing" can be adopted for mites and other pests in the border bed: on a sunny morning, spray the sweet and sour liquid on the bed, cover the film, open the grass curtain, and heat up. At this time, a large number of pests will climb to the bed or film from the depths; in the afternoon, remove the film in time, take it out of the mushroom shed, wash the attached insects with water, and spray the bed with high-dose and low-toxic insecticides. If the damage is extended 3-5 times, the damage can be eliminated.