Bonsai maintenance skills of lemon bonsai

Lemon leaves are small, long oval, leaf margin serrulate, flowers solitary, open all the year round, very suitable for bonsai, so what are the bonsai maintenance skills?

I. Seedling and pots

A large amount of cultivation in the south, suitable for grafting propagation; less cultivation in the north, mainly using cutting methods, can also buy grafted seedlings cultivation. The root system of lemon has higher requirements for water, nutrients and soil, and the pot soil should be made into water and air permeability, water and fertilizer conservation, and slightly acidic culture soil. The time of putting on the basin and changing the basin is available after autumn and early spring, and can be flexibly controlled according to the local climate.

Second, light and temperature

Lemon is a light-loving plant, but if the sun is too strong, it will grow poorly. Generally, at noon, the annual average temperature for plant replacement is more than 15 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 23 ℃ to 29 ℃. If the plant stops growing at more than 35 ℃, it will be damaged by freezing at-2 ℃. Lemons generally do not need to cool down in summer, enter the room before Frosts Descent and leave the room after Qingming Festival, which can survive the winter safely.

III. Watering and fertilization

Lemon needs more water in its growth and development, but it is not easy to rot its roots if it has too much water. Generally speaking, spring is the time for shoots to spread leaves, pregnant buds to blossom, and appropriate watering. The summer light is strong, the temperature is high, needs more water. However, it should be timely and appropriate, otherwise it will cause fruit drop. Autumn is the period of shoot growth and rapid fruit expansion, so there must be sufficient water. Late autumn and winter are the period of flower bud differentiation, while the basin soil is dry. Lemon prefer fertilizer, in addition to the basin, change the basin to apply sufficient base fertilizer, the growth period should adhere to the principle of thin fertilizer and frequent application. The times and amount of fertilization should be determined according to the growth and phenological period. For example, it is better to apply liquid fertilizer to fully fermented cake fertilizer and water, and the ratio of cake to water is 1VR 200. The soil in the north is slightly alkaline, so ferrous sulfate can be added to the fertilizer solution to form a slightly acidic nutrient solution.

IV. Pruning and pruning

Pruning is generally divided into winter shears and summer shears. Winter shearing should be based on the principle of "cutting density and keeping thinning, getting rid of weak and strong", cutting off withered branches, cutting weak branches and overgrown branches without the effect of initial space. Summer pruning mainly truncates the overlong branches on the fruitless tree, erases the summer shoots on the fruiting tree, and shortens the declining branches in the middle and upper part of the crown. Lemon for promoting flower and protecting fruit is the tree species that blossom and bear fruit in the four seasons, while the potted plants in the north mostly blossom and bear fruit in spring. Therefore, it is necessary to control the water after the autumn shoot stops growing. Wait for both sides of the leaves to begin to roll, and then moderate watering to promote flower bud differentiation. Pay attention to fertilization in the basin and foliar spraying to cultivate robust fruiting mother branches.

V. Fruit protection work

The first is to strengthen the supply of fertilizer and water and accumulate nutrients; the second is to carry out artificial pollination; the third is to thinning flowers and fruits. Lemon fruit is large and needs more nutrients, with a normal leaf-fruit ratio of 30 to 40:1. According to the principle of removing the weak, staying strong and evenly distributed, first remove too many and too dense buds; then remove part of the fruit when the young fruit is 1cm in size; finally, after the physiological fruit drop, the fruit is determined according to the ratio of leaf to fruit. It can also leave a weak branch and a strong branch with only one fruit.