Where is the producing area of walnuts in China? What are the cultivation techniques?

Walnut, hazelnut, almond and cashew nut are known as the four major dried fruits in the world. China is not only the distribution center of walnut, but also the original producing area of walnut, which has been cultivated for more than 7000 years. What are the cultivation techniques?

Where is the origin of walnuts?

1. The producing area of walnut

The producing areas of walnuts in China are mainly concentrated in Xinjiang, Hebei, Sichuan, Yunnan and other regions.

The main producing areas of Sichuan walnut cultivation are in western Sichuan plateau, Qinba mountain area, central Sichuan hilly region, Sichuan basin and so on. Walnut producing areas in Xinjiang are mainly distributed in Aksu area, Hotan area and Kashi area.

2. Growth environment of walnut.

(1) temperature

Walnut is a temperature-loving tree species. The suitable temperature range and frost-free period for growth are as follows: annual average temperature 9 ℃-16 ℃, extreme minimum temperature-25 ℃, extreme maximum temperature less than 38 ℃, frost period less than 150d.

(2) Lighting

Walnut likes light, and sufficient light conditions are needed after entering the fruiting period. the annual sunshine hours should be more than 2000 hours in order to ensure the normal growth and development of walnut. If less than 1000 hours, the nucleolus and nucleolus are all underdeveloped.

(3) soil

Walnuts like loose soil and good drainage, and do not grow well in soils with high groundwater level and heavy clay. On the other hand, it grows best on the slightly alkaline soil containing calcium. The suitable range of soil pH value is 6-8, which has an effect on growth and fruiting. Walnut like fertilizer requires rich soil and high content of organic matter.

(4) moisture

Walnut is tolerant to dry air, but sensitive to soil moisture. Too dry or too wet soil is not conducive to the growth and fruiting of walnut. Therefore, the mountain walnut orchard needs to take soil and water conservation engineering measures, while on flat land, it is necessary to solve the drainage problem. For further guidance, please consult the local agricultural department.

Second, what are the cultivation techniques of walnut?

1. Site selection and cultivation

Walnut is suitable for growing on sandy soil and black loam with warm, deep soil layer and good drainage, and should be planted on sunny slope and leeward. Newly planted young trees should have sufficient water and fertilizer, and new high-fat film should be sprayed to ensure aboveground water evaporation, seedling water transpiration, isolation of diseases and insect pests, shortening slow seedling period and speeding up root development.

2. Shaping and pruning

In order to make walnut early fruiting, high yield, stable yield, reasonable shaping and pruning is a very important cultivation technique. The pruning period of walnut is different from that of ordinary fruit trees. after the fruit is taken, before the leaves turn yellow, the wound of walnut should be smeared with healing film in time to promote wound healing and prevent bacteria from invading and infecting.

3. Stabilize the flower and set the fruit

In the flower bud stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage, Zhuangguotieling should be sprayed to thicken the fruit pedicel, increase the amount of nutrition transport, prevent flowers from falling, improve pollination ability, increase fruit setting rate, speed up fruit expansion, and ensure high quality and high yield of fruit. The size of the tree hanging fruit makes the load of the tree unbalanced, which affects not only the balanced income, but also the health of the orchard. It is necessary to brush Huawang No. 2 once a year in the period of flower bud differentiation, which can promote flower bud differentiation, inhibit summer shoot growth, strengthen flowers and improve pollination ability and fruit setting rate.

4. Pest control

The main pests of walnut are: walnut silkworm moth, walnut limb moth, walnut fruit weevil. The main diseases of walnut are walnut black spot and walnut branch blight. Prevention and control measures were sprayed with targeted drugs to kill. At the same time, the trees should be sprayed to protect the trees, and the garden should be sprayed with a new high-fat film to keep warm and preserve moisture to ensure safe passage through the winter.

Warm Tip: all in all, the selection of walnut cultivation varieties and cultivation methods have their specific requirements, in order to fundamentally improve the survival rate of seedlings, it is necessary to strictly implement every step, reasonable and scientific cultivation and management.