Grape planting: five common diseases and control methods are explained in detail!

Grape is a woody vine of the grape family, which is native to western Asia and is now cultivated all over the world. The main common diseases in the process of grape cultivation are black bean disease, powdery mildew, powdery mildew scale and so on. Here's a look at grape cultivation: five common diseases and control methods!

Grape anthracnose

Generally speaking, grape anthracnose can invade from June, and the peak period is from July to August, and the disease becomes more and more serious in the near maturity period. around August 10, due to a large number of fruit ripening, the disease enters the peak period of muggy thunderstorm.

Prevention and control methods: thoroughly remove diseased ears, diseased vines and diseased leaves, in order to reduce the source of bacteria, in the south of the Yangtze River, bagging immediately after Xiehua; strengthen cultivation management, timely adjustment, vine binding, heart-picking, make the shelf surface ventilated, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer.

Grape white rot

The disease is serious in the season of high temperature, high humidity and heavy rain, and the peak occurs after rain. in the north, it can occur from June to harvest, the incidence of fruit coloring period increases, and the peak occurs after storm. the disease is serious near the ground and under the conditions of heavy soil viscosity, low-lying terrain and poor drainage, and it is easy to occur when weeds are overgrown, branches and leaves are airtight or humidity is high, and overgrown and overgrown plants are easy to occur.

Control methods: thoroughly remove diseased branches, diseased ears and diseased leaves; prune in time, raise the fruiting part, weed in time, pay attention to drainage, and forbid the application of nitrogen fertilizer before flowering.

Grape downy mildew

The disease is easy to occur in rainy, dewy and low temperature in autumn, poor ventilation in orchards, high humidity and more nitrogen fertilizer are beneficial to the disease. in the north, the disease can occur in June, and the peak period is from August to September. In the south of the Yangtze River, there are 2 to 3 peaks in the whole year, the first in the Meiyu season, the second in mid-late August, and another peak in some years from mid-September to early October.

Prevention and control methods: remove fallen leaves, explore and bury diseased branches or burn them; timely coring, pruning, drainage and weeding, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; spraying should be started at the initial stage of the disease, generally starting from the first and middle June in the north, once every 15 days; in the south of the Yangtze River, in principle, spraying can be carried out in combination with black pox before early autumn, and Bordeaux solution has the best control effect before the disease occurs.

4. Grape black pox

The pathogen of grape black pox overwinters as mycelia in canker spots on diseased shoots, and can also winter in diseased fruits and scars. It produces conidia in May next year and spreads through wind and rain for the first time. Long-distance transmission mainly depends on seedlings and cuttings. The disease can occur from the beginning of sprouting in spring to September.

Control methods: combined with summer pruning or in the whole growing season, thoroughly cut off diseased shoots, diseased fruits and diseased leaves, thoroughly clean up dead branches and leaves after autumn pruning, concentrate and burn deeply, in order to minimize the source of bacteria; reasonably increase potash fertilizer to prevent overgrowth of plants, enhance tree potential, improve disease resistance, shelf surface should be reasonable, maintain good ventilation and light transmission conditions.

5. Grape powdery mildew

The pathogen of grape powdery mildew overwintered with mycelium on the damaged tissue or in bud scales, and produced a meristem robe in spring next year, which spread to the host surface by wind, and the hypha produced haustorium, which extended directly into the host cell to absorb nutrition. the hyphae spread on the host surface, and the fruit surface, branches and leaves were dark brown, which was mainly affected by the haustor. the disease could occur from the first and middle of July to September to October.

Prevention and control methods: strengthen cultivation management, apply more organic fertilizer, strengthen tree potential, improve disease resistance; pick out the heart in time, cut too dense branches, leaves and vines, maintain good ventilation and light transmission; pay attention to orchard hygiene, remove disease residues, concentrate burning or deep burial, reduce the source of disease.

The above is the introduction of the five common grape diseases by the soil flow net. As long as we pay attention to controlling the temperature and humidity of the orchard in planting management, the probability of disease will be much less.