What are the planting conditions of loquat? How many years do you usually get?

Loquat is a kind of soft, sour and sweet fruit. Different varieties have different sizes. Generally, the fruit of home-grown loquat tree is relatively small, but the taste is also very sweet. Varieties with high commodity quality are often seen on the market, with large size and golden skin. In recent years, the benefit of loquat market economy has been improved, so what are the planting conditions of loquat? How many years do you usually get?

What are the planting conditions for loquat?

1. Moisture

Loquat is an evergreen fruit tree, which requires a certain amount of rainfall and moist air. If Rain Water is evenly distributed in the area with annual precipitation of 1000mm to 1200mm, loquat can grow and bear fruit normally. Sufficient water is required during fruit development and shoot growth in early spring, while spring drought is disadvantageous to growth and fruiting. However, when the loquat fruit is rainy during the ripening period, it is easy to crack, poor coloring, light taste and late ripening. In late summer and early autumn, less rainfall and dry climate are required, which slows down growth and is conducive to flower bud differentiation.

2. Temperature

Loquat can grow at an annual average temperature of more than 12 ℃, but it is more suitable for loquat at an annual temperature of more than 15 ℃. Loquat trees have strong cold tolerance, but freezing damage occurs when the temperature is-6 ℃ for flowering and-3 ℃ for young fruits. When the temperature is above 10 ℃, pollen germination is the most suitable for pollen germination about 20 ℃. When loquat blossoms, as long as it reaches the temperature needed for pollen germination for a short period of time at noon, the pollen tube can be elongated and fertilized, so the temperature needed for flowering in South China loquat producing area can often be satisfied and fruiting well.

If the temperature is too high, it is not suitable for loquat growth, the edge of tender leaves above 35 ℃ is dry, the growth of branches and roots is slow, and the growth of seedlings is poor; sunburn disease is easy to occur in the middle and later stage of fruit development, high temperature and dry weather. In addition, too high temperature makes it difficult for sugar to accumulate, and the sugar content of fruit is lower.

3. Soil

Loquat can adapt to a wide range of soil, acid red-yellow soil or coastal beaches can be planted. Loquat is the most suitable sandy loam or sandy gravel loam with deep soil layer, loose soil, good drainage and high humus content. Loquat trees do not have strict requirements on soil acidity and alkalinity. The pH value of 7.5-8.5 and PH5.0 below can grow and bear fruit normally, and the most suitable PH for planting loquat is about 6.0.

4. Lighting

Loquat tree is more shade-tolerant, but it still needs sufficient light to grow and bear good fruit. Generally speaking, loquat should be properly shaded in the seedling stage, and after entering the fruiting stage, it needs at least 3 hours of direct light every day, otherwise the tree is weak, the branches are not full, and the quality is poor. Adult loquat trees require enough light to facilitate flower bud differentiation, fruit development, coloring and early ripening. But the trunk exposed to the scorching sun is easy to burn and wither the branches and leaves.

Second, how many years does loquat bear fruit?

Loquat trees, regardless of male or female, generally take three years for self-sowing, transplanting, grafting and planting. After four years of fruit, grafted seedlings blossom and bear fruit more easily than real seedlings. If the seeds are planted, it will take a long time, at least 5 years, and grafted seedlings generally take more than 3 years to blossom and bear fruit.

If you want to get more results, you can't ignore one step, that is, thinning flowers and ears.

Flower ear thinning usually takes place in the middle and last ten days of November (when the flower ear is exhausted), there are 2-3 ears of 2-3 ears on a mother branch and 2-ear-3 ears of 4-5 ears, and when the young fruit is as big as peanut at the beginning of February, the disease and insect fruits, deformed fruits and overdense fruits are removed at first, leaving 2-3 fruits per ear. In each ear, the fruit at the top and base should be removed, leaving the good fruit with plump and uniform size in the middle to make it mature and easy to harvest. In principle, if the tree is strong, it is appropriate to keep more, and if the tree is weak, the amount of fruit should be controlled.