How much is the cucumber per jin? Key points of pollution-free cultivation techniques

Cucumber is not only rich in nutrition, but also has a unique flavor in both raw and fried food, so it is favored by consumers. The prices of cucumbers on the market are very different, especially in the season when eating cucumbers, the prices are more expensive. How much is the cucumber per jin? The main points of pollution-free cultivation techniques are attached.

How much is the cucumber per jin?

The market price of cucumber is about 4 yuan to 6 yuan per jin. There will be some differences in the pricing of cucumbers in each region, there are many varieties of cucumbers, and the prices of different varieties will be different.

Second, pollution-free cultivation techniques of cucumber.

(1) sowing and raising seedlings

1. Seed germination

Before sowing, soak the seeds in sunny day for 1-2 days, soak the seeds in 55 ℃ warm soup, stir the 8~10min constantly, drop the temperature to 28-30 ℃, continue soaking the seeds for 4-12 hours, put the seeds in a budding box (25-30 ℃) to accelerate germination, when the cucumber seeds grow to 0.3cm.

2. Seedling substrate

Generally, 50-hole burrow trays (560mm × 330mm × 5.5mm) are used, and 50-hole burrow trays are needed for each 667m2 cultivation field. Pinnell seedling substrate (imported from Denmark) or special organic nutrient substrate for vegetable seedlings can also be purchased. A matrix formula used by the research group in production is sawdust v ∶ peat v ∶ mushroom dregs 6 ∶ 3 ∶ 1, chicken manure 20g, the seedling substrate is stacked, covered with plastic film and sealed for 5 days, then spread out to air, and then put into the burrow plate when the smell of pesticide is dissipated.

3. Timely raising seedlings

Before sowing, the seedling substrate should be poured evenly, the 1cm deep hole should be drilled in the center of the hole plate when sowing, and the germination seeds should be placed flat into the hole, one grain at a hole, and then covered with vermiculite (0~3mm). After the seeds are sown, the hole plates are neatly placed on the seedling bed and covered with a layer of plastic film in time, and the film is covered with a small arch shed for heat preservation and moisture preservation.

(2) Field management

1. Management before planting

The flower bud differentiation and early yield of cucumber were established from the appearance of the first true leaf to the planting of 4-5 true leaves, and the night temperature of 12-15 ℃ was adopted to stimulate the flower bud differentiation of female flowers. Before planting, it is necessary to ensure the wetness of coconut bran substrate, and choose to plant in sunny afternoon to avoid high temperature period, which is beneficial to slow seedling.

2. Colonization

Note that the planting is to cut the hole by hand, put it flat, and surround the cucumber with coconut bran. Do not press it by hand to prevent cucumber stem and root damage. It was selected to be planted around February 22 in spring and before August 8 in autumn. The greenhouse was closed within 5 days after planting in spring to promote seedling retardation. After 3 days in autumn, it should be adjusted according to the temperature. Ventilation starts when the indoor temperature reaches 32 ℃, and the night temperature is controlled at about 15 ℃. The temperature difference is large after September in autumn, so ventilation should be reduced and heat preservation should be paid attention to after entering October.

3. Temperature management after planting.

After planting, the temperature difference between day and night should not be too big, and the higher temperature is beneficial to slow down the seedlings, generally 25-28 ℃ in the daytime and 20 ℃ at night. After slowing down the seedlings, the growth temperature should be controlled according to different growth periods. The temperature difference between day and night should be gradually enlarged at the early flowering stage, 25: 28 ℃ in daytime and 16: 18 ℃ at night. Results in the initial stage, it was controlled at 25: 26 ℃ in the daytime and no less than 16 ℃ at night. During the full fruiting period, the temperature was controlled at 26-28 ℃ in daytime and not less than 15 ℃ at night.

4. Light management after planting.

In the early spring stubble, due to the lack of light in the solar greenhouse, reflective curtains can be hung on the back wall and both sides of the wall under suitable conditions to increase the light intensity. With the temperature rising continuously in June, cover the sunshade net or open the fan and wet curtain at 11:00-15:00 on a sunny day to adjust the temperature and light. Due to the strong light in the seedling stage, the autumn stubble should be covered with sunshade net at noon on a sunny day (adjusted according to local climatic conditions), or open fans and wet curtains to reduce light intensity and promote seedling retardation.

5. Water and fertilizer management

After soilless cultivation and planting of coconut bran, special water-soluble fertilizer A1 and B for cucumber should be used from seedling stage to flowering stage, and EC (soluble ion concentration) and pH should be well controlled. Before planting, the EC value was controlled at 6.4 2.3ms cm-1,pH to irrigate from 30 to 16:30, and the coconut bran was irrigated for 3 times every 5min every 2 hours and 1 day to prevent coconut bran from being too dry. If planted in the morning, sunshade is needed at noon. Within one week of planting, irrigation was carried out from 08:30 to 16:30, with an interval of 1.15 hours and a day for 7 cycles and 9 times. The EC value of cucumber cultivated with coconut bran was controlled at 2.8ms cm-1 before fruiting. Blossom should reach 7 leaves. The irrigation solution pH was controlled at 5.0 ~ 5.5, the EC value was 1.8 ~ 2.0ms cm-1, the autumn extension cultivation at the initial stage of planting was 8 ~ 10 times (single 85~100mL), the early spring cultivation was 6 ~ 8 times, the A1+A2 and B fertilizer were used from flowering to fruiting stage, the irrigation solution pH was 5.0 ~ 5.5, the EC value was 2.5 ~ 2.8ms cm-1, the irrigation began after 1 ~ 2 h of sunrise, and the irrigation was stopped at 1 ~ 2 h before sunset. In sunny days, the amount of fertilizer applied per plant per day should be adjusted reasonably according to different weather conditions, and the irrigation interval could be lengthened and the irrigation times could be reduced on cloudy and rainy days. When the temperature is high in sunny days, the interval time of irrigation can be shortened and the times of irrigation can be increased to meet the requirements of crop growth under different climatic conditions.

In the process of using A1, A2 and B fertilizers from fruiting period to full fruiting stage (adjusting A1 and A2 fertilizers according to the growth situation), the amount of irrigation fertilizer and the concentration of fertilizer need to be changed and adjusted constantly. The pH of early irrigation was 5.0 ~ 5.5, the EC value was 2.8 ~ 3.0, the irrigation mode was the same as that from flowering to fruiting stage, and the irrigation amount per plant increased correspondingly, and each plant was irrigated with 1800~2500mL every day. In the full fruit stage, the EC value of irrigation and fertilization pH 5.0 ~ 5.5 was 2.8 ~ 3.2, and the irrigation amount 2000~2500mL was still started after 1-2 h of sunrise, and stopped 1-2 h before sunset. The EC value could be increased appropriately in cold season and decreased appropriately in hot weather.

When carrying out field management, the total amount of irrigation fluid and effluent, EC value and pH need to be measured every day at the end of irrigation or before the start of irrigation, and the daily irrigation discharge accounts for 25%-35% of the total irrigation. When the crop growth is weak, the fruit setting ability is weak, the leaves are large, and the vegetative organs are growing vigorously, which can appropriately widen the temperature difference between day and night.

(3) Plant adjustment

When the cucumber plant grows to 6-7 leaves, the plant should be wound on the rope in time, usually once every 2-3 days. The 1st ~ 4th nodes on the main stem leave no fruit in order to promote vegetative growth. It is necessary to thinning flowers and fruits in the process of strong fruiting ability of cucumber.

(4) Prevention and control of diseases and pests

Adopt the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive control", give priority to disease-resistant varieties for agricultural control, set up an anti-insect net isolation layer (mesh diameter 0.4mm) at each release position on the inside of the solar greenhouse, compact the anti-insect net at the roof in front of the greenhouse, and set up a double-layer anti-insect net at the greenhouse door. In the greenhouse before planting, measures such as chemical disinfection, hanging yellow and blue boards were adopted, biological control (release of aphid wasps) was given priority, and chemical control was carried out reasonably and scientifically. The main diseases are downy mildew, powdery mildew, gray mold and bacterial diseases, and insect pests are aphids, whitefly, thrips and so on.