High-yielding cultivation techniques of Alpine eggplant covered with plastic Film in South China

Eggplant is an annual herb with straight roots, roots up to 50 cm deep and horizontal growth up to 120 cm. Most of the roots are distributed in the 30 cm tillage layer. The suitable temperature for the growth of alpine eggplant is 20ml / 30 ℃, which can be planted all the year round in the south. In order to achieve high quality and high yield, alpine vegetable-eggplant must be managed scientifically according to its growth habits. Let's take a look at the high-yield cultivation techniques of southern alpine eggplant covered with plastic film.

1. Select improved varieties

At present, the alpine eggplant varieties suitable for planting in Guangdong are mainly green-resistant and disease-resistant, heat-resistant and Rain Water-resistant, purplish red skin, white pulp and long stick. The varieties with fruit length of about 30 cm are Hongfeng, Changfeng, Zaofeng, Nongyou Chang eggplant, Guilin Changcheng eggplant, and those with fruit length of about 25 cm are Yueqie No. 2, Yuefeng and stele red eggplant. Among them, Hongfeng fruit is grown, uniform and beautiful in appearance. Yueqie No. 2 is a variety with high resistance to bacterial wilt and Verticillium wilt; Yuefeng and Shijie red eggplant has good dark gloss; Guilin long eggplant has high yield and disease resistance, but its pulp is blue.

2. Soak the seeds to accelerate germination.

Eggplant seed has dense and thick skin, outer layer has colloid, and has poor water permeability, so it is difficult for eggplant seed to germinate. The key to cultivate strong seedlings is to skillfully master the technology of seed soaking and accelerating germination, first bleach the shrunken seeds with clean water and soak them for 30 min, and then use the method of soaking seeds in medicine solution to sterilize the seeds.

In order to achieve a good germination effect, the soaking time and the concentration of the solution must be strictly controlled. The solution needs to soak the seeds for 5 times 10 cm, the solution is usually 1000 times formalin, and the soaking time is 10 min to avoid drug damage to the seeds. After soaking the seeds in the medicine solution, rinse the seeds repeatedly with clean water, then soak the seeds with clear water or soak them with warm soup, that is, put the seeds in hot water of 55 ℃, and keep stirring until the temperature is about 30 ℃, then scrub them with clean water.

In addition, in the process of seed soaking, the mucus outside the seed coat should be scrubbed every 3 to 4 hours, and the seed was soaked for 24 to 30 hours, then the seed was wrapped with a wet cloth and the temperature needed for germination was 30 ℃. It needs to be washed once a day, and then drained and then continue to sprout. Usually, it can germinate in 3 to 5 days, and when the germination rate reaches 50%, it can be sowed.

3. Rational fertilization

When eggplant is cultivated in high mountain, it grows faster and its fruiting period is concentrated, so it needs reasonable fertilization, and quick-acting base fertilizer should be re-applied. Among them, 5000 ~ 7500 kg mature stable fertilizer, 200 kg plant ash and 50 kg phosphate fertilizer should be applied every 667m ~ 2, while zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer should be applied every 100m ~ 2. First sprinkle 50% fertilizer, then carry out ploughing, and then concentrate the remaining fertilizer between the rows, so as to effectively improve the effect of fertilizer.

4. Harvest

When harvesting eggplant, the appropriate time should be chosen, which is generally judged by the place where the fruit and sepals are connected. If the banding is not obvious, it indicates that the fruit grows slowly. For Xianfeng No. 1 and Hongfu No. 2, it can be harvested about 50 days after planting. The quality of the fruit harvested in the morning is the best, followed by the evening, to avoid harvesting at noon.