What is organic fertilizer? How much is used in vegetable production?

Vegetables are a kind of food that people can't do without, and some people have no taste all over without vegetables all day. In the process of growing vegetables, fertilization is an essential step. With fertilizer, vegetables can grow well and have high yield. Among them, organic fertilizer is a more widely used one, let's take a look at what is organic fertilizer? How much is used in vegetable production?

What is organic fertilizer?

Organic fertilizer is a carbon-containing material which mainly comes from plants and / or animals and is applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition as its main function. According to the resource characteristics, properties, functions and composting methods of organic fertilizer, organic manure can be classified into ten categories, such as manure and urine fertilizer, pile retting fertilizer, straw fertilizer, green manure, soil and miscellaneous fertilizer, cake fertilizer, sea fertilizer, humic acid, agricultural and urban waste materials and biogas fertilizer. Because of the persistence of nutrient release and the friendliness of ecological environment, organic fertilizer occupies a larger and larger proportion in agricultural production practice, especially in vegetable production.

What is the amount of organic fertilizer used in vegetable production?

The maximum application rate of organic fertilizer should be based on meeting the nutritional needs of crops. The content of nutrient elements such as cake fertilizer and chicken manure is high, and the one-time application of base fertilizer is too large, which can easily lead to fertilizer damage, which will promote soil nitrification and increase the nitrate content of vegetables. Therefore, when compost based on chicken manure is used as base fertilizer, melon, watermelon, tomato, legume and other low-fertilizer vegetables should not exceed 7 500kg/hm2, and cucumber, eggplant, pepper and other fertile vegetables should not exceed 15t/hm2.

Other matters needing attention in the use of organic fertilizer in vegetable production

1. Organic fertilizer should be fully mature. Organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure and crop straw may contain more germs, insect eggs, grass seeds and so on, which can easily cause vegetable diseases and insect pests, and also spread some diseases harmful to human health through vegetables. In addition, the organic wastes directly applied will further ferment in the field, compete with vegetable roots for oxygen, generate a large amount of heat, and easily cause seedling burning. Therefore, advocating the application of fully mature organic fertilizer can avoid the occurrence of the above harmful phenomena to the maximum extent. Vegetable farmers in some areas have the habit of applying semi-rotten organic fertilizer, but semi-rotten organic fertilizer should keep a certain distance from the root system.

2. Organic fertilizer should be applied in a reasonable way. The combination of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can give full play to the advantages of the combination of slow and quick effect of fertilizer and regulate the growth and quality of vegetables. For example, the nutrient content of sheep manure is the highest in livestock manure, the decomposition rate is faster, and the fertilizer effect is fierce. in order to achieve the balance of fertilizer effect, pig manure or cow manure should be mixed in sheep manure, and human manure and urine should be mixed with crude organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Some organic fertilizers have a high ratio of carbon to nitrogen, and soil microorganisms compete with crops for nitrogen after application, resulting in nitrogen deficiency, so it is necessary to apply appropriate amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer. The application of organic fertilizer combined with phosphate fertilizer can improve the fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizer, and the combined application of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer is also beneficial to improve the fertilizer efficiency.