Cultivation techniques of shallow trough Chinese Yam

Using the shallow trough to cultivate Chinese yam can make the yam grow along the direction of the shallow trough, the stem of the yam is straight, round and full, and the temperature difference between day and night in the shallow soil layer is large, the yam grows quickly, the harvest is easy, and the yield is high. Here we would like to introduce the cultivation techniques of shallow trough yam.

1. Cultivation techniques of shallow trough yam

1. Soil preparation: it is suitable to grow in sandy soil and loam with deep, loose and fertile soil, and the soil is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. After deep ploughing and tanning, the beds were made from late February to early March, with a height of 30-40 cm and a width of 1.3-1.4 m. A parallel oblique trench with a width of 7 cm and a length of 120 cm was dug according to the plant spacing of 18-20 cm, with a slope of 15 degrees, a depth of 10-15 cm at the upper end and a depth of 25-30 cm at the bottom.

2. Grooving: put a shallow trough suitable for the growth of yam in the ditch, the upper part of the groove is backfilled with soil, and the rest of the space is filled with enough soft fillers. Soft fillers can choose silt or rotten wood bran, mushroom dregs, bagasse, dregs or husks, etc., and then add 200-300 kg of rotten chicken manure or pigeon manure per mu, 100 kg of bio-organic fertilizer, 25-50 kg of superphosphate and soft fillers.

3. Planting: select the tuber root with a short, stout neck, no branching and no diseases and insect pests, use the bud at the upper end of the tuber root as the seed tuber, and then accelerate the germination. Place the seed block with buds parallel to the shallow trough, bud upward, leaving only 1-2 strong buds per plant, and thoroughly remove the excess buds, covering the soil 5-10 cm thick, be careful not to break the buds.

4. Management: a frame must be built before the seedling height of 30 cm, often built into a herringbone or quadrangle frame, 1.5-1.7 cm high, and 20-30 cm deep in the ground. When the seed block germinates, pull out the excess vines, leaving only a sturdy main stem. If there are too many lateral branches, they should be picked properly. Before soil preparation, 45-75 cubic meters of mature organic fertilizer, 350-400 kg of diammonium phosphate, 250-300 kg of urea and 150 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per hectare; fertilizer was applied once into the vigorous growth period of stems, leaves and tubers, and about 400 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer was applied per hectare. The seedlings should be watered thoroughly for about 1 meter, and watered again when entering the peak period of branch and leaf growth, and should be shallowly watered, not flooded; when entering the period of rapid tuber expansion, more water should be watered, and if the soil is dry, it should be watered thoroughly.

When will the yam be planted?

It is generally required that the soil temperature of 5 cm can be steadily planted after 9-10 ℃, and that in southern Sichuan and Liangguang can be planted in March, in Sichuan from late March to April, in North China in mid-late April, and in Northeast China in early May. Choose sunny or cloudy days to plant, avoid hot sun exposure, it is appropriate to choose afternoon planting. From late October to November, all the stems and leaves withered and tubers began to be harvested.