What are the common diseases and insect pests and control methods of hanging melons?

Hanging melon, also known as medicinal melon, Trichosanthes kirilowii, is a better traditional Chinese medicine, its roots, leaves, seeds, melon peel can be used in medicine, the application is very wide. In the process of planting hanging melon, it is easy to occur the invasion of diseases and insect pests. Let's take a look at the common diseases and insect pests and control methods.

1. Common diseases and insect pests of hanging melons

1. Melon silk borer

It mainly harms leaves and fruits. The young larvae gnawed on the mesophyll on the back of the leaves, showing gray spots. After 3 years of age, the leaves or tender shoots are stitched together to feed on them, so that the leaves are perforated or notched, and only veins are left in severe cases. The larvae are often eaten into the melon, affecting the yield and quality.

2. Root knot nematode disease

Caused by root-knot nematode, it mainly occurs on the lateral root and fine root of the root, forming many yellow nodules and weak main root. When the disease is mild, the plant grows slowly and the leaves are small. When the disease is serious, the plant is dwarfed, thin, poor in growth, and the fruit is less and small.

3. Anthrax

Anthracnose is one of the most troublesome diseases of hanging melon, which is likely to occur in both the seedling stage and the final mature stage. It is a threat to all parts of the plant, causing great harm to melons, fruits and vines when the disease is rapid, and even directly leading to fruit decay and withering of stems. After the leaf is infected, there will be many spots on the leaf surface, these spots will gradually expand and extend, and then slowly merge to form huge patches, causing the leaves to wither and die and then fall.

4. Virus disease

Virus disease mainly harms the leaves of hanging melons, especially the old leaves of hanging melons, which begin to shrink and wrinkle at a speed visible to the naked eye. The leaves begin to bulge and become dry and brittle as if they had lost water. And the growth of branches will also be greatly affected, the branches are weak, showing the shape of hanging upside down, resulting in growth hindrance, so that the fruit setting rate is reduced, affecting the yield.

II. Control methods of common diseases and insect pests of hanging melons

1. Control methods of Chilo suppressalis

The main results are as follows: (1) cleaning the countryside, collecting and retting or burning the fallen leaves of Trichosanthes after harvest can reduce the population number of next generation or overwintering insects.

(2) Pesticide control. It is suggested that Guoguang poison arrow 600-800 times should be used to control the melon silk borer before 3 years old. The best time to control the pest is in the evening after sunset.

1. Control methods of root-knot nematode disease.

(1) soil disinfection should be carried out in time. Before sowing, soil disinfection was carried out with Guoguang Sangfen 1000-1500g/ mu + Guoguang carbendazim 500-1000g/ mu to reduce the breeding of pathogens.

(2) Pesticide control. It is recommended to use Guoguang Jinmeigen 1000g/ mu to spread soil or to use Guoguang to kill gram 1000-1500 times for root irrigation control.

2. Prevention and control of anthrax.

The incidence of anthrax is regular, and it is the most likely to occur during the changing season in summer and autumn every year, so we should spray an appropriate amount of chemicals to prevent and cure anthrax before this time comes. After the onset of the disease, you can use carbendazim and other agents for continuous spraying, once a week, for at least three weeks.

3. Prevention and treatment of virus diseases.

The main route of transmission of virus diseases is aphids, so if we want to control virus diseases, we need to control the reproduction of aphids. When young buds emerge, chemical prevention should be used to strengthen orchard management, clear orchards regularly, remove diseased bodies and fallen leaves from orchards in time, reduce the existence of insect eggs in orchards, and control aphids. Spray such as oligosaccharides can also be added to the agents to control virus diseases. The number of times is the same as the prevention and treatment of anthrax.