Why do Chinese farmers have to burn straw? How to deal with "garbage"

Every season, with the rise of the PM2.5 index, urban people will focus on the corn stalks in the crop fields, firmly believing that the change in air quality is caused by farmers burning straw, which leads to endless war of words.

We have to admit that with the improvement of mechanization and farmers' awareness of environmental protection, coupled with some high-pressure burning prevention measures of local governments, the pressure on air brought by straw burning has been greatly reduced this year. But even so, straw burning is not completely extinct, this is why?

The whole village is burning

"I had to burn it, I burned it, and our whole village burned down!" After National Day, a friend told me.

This friend usually works in Zhengzhou and goes home to help during the autumn harvest. His hometown is in a county and a village in Zhoukou, Henan Province. Of course, why do I use "mou", you know. For the sake of narration, I use "Y" to refer to this friend.

In Y's hometown, after the corn harvest, the corn straw was not piled up, but all was cut down and fell down in the field. In this way, two days in the sun, a thick, dry layer of straw, has become a natural fire.

"there are inspections during the day and at night, and in the latter part of the night, police cars circle around the village, basically every other day." Mr. Y said.

"you can't order in the latter part of the night. There is a lot of dew in late autumn. We were at noon that day, when the sun was the most poisonous," Mr. Y described. First, three or five people discussed: "order"? "bingo!" . When the villagers far away saw the fire, they all ran away from home.

"some people first order their own house, and when they see that no one is coming to the neighbor's land, they might as well order the neighbor's land, too!" Mr. Y said, "but I know very well that some people grow vegetables, grow medicinal herbs, and some corn that has not been harvested. Everyone consciously quarantines ahead of time to prevent the fire from spreading. This kind of morality still needs to be talked about. "

The fire started downwind and spread northward, and it only took more than ten minutes to burn all the land in an acre. Hundreds of mu of land in the village basically caught fire at the same time. After the fire, a layer of black plant ash was left on the field, which was still a good fertilizer.

The friend also patiently checked the situation of the whole village afterwards. "basically 95% of the arable land was burned." I once experienced a fire in the field after the autumn harvest, as if the sky was about to burn. Naturally, the sense of suffocation in the air was also impressive.

It is impossible to calculate how many fire points there are. The village of Y may be one of them. "Taikang County was punished by an economic penalty of 20 million yuan this time, which is indeed a bit of an injustice." Mr. Y said with a smile.

"doesn't anyone care about this?" I asked.

"of course there are people in charge, and how many times the village branch book has been nagged, but it won't give way, and it's often checked up." Y replied, "he said he wouldn't let you order. You certainly can't order in front of him, can you?" When he's gone, why don't you go and get it all? "

As early as the summer harvest, the slogan "Burning straw and detained for 15 days was fined 500 yuan" hung on the road of Y Jun village.

"what's the use of arresting two or three people? The law does not blame the public! " Mr. Y asked me.

Second, why do farmers like to burn straw?

Why do farmers like to burn straw? I think everyone has an answer. After chatting with Mr. Y, my understanding gradually became comprehensive and clear.

First, the peasants themselves do not need it.

At least twenty years ago, straw was a baby in the countryside. apart from feeding livestock, the greatest function was to burn and cook. But now, the main people living in rural areas are the old, the weak, the sick, the small number of people, and the lack of fire, coupled with the main use of gas stoves and induction cookers, and cooking with firewood, which is almost just a sign of characteristic rice bowls.

"the technology of returning straw to the field is actually immature and impractical." "the autumn harvest is followed by wheat sowing, and time is too tight to finish the work three or five days before Cold Dew, so dealing with straw is even more cumbersome," Mr. Y said. "