Crop planting technology

The general planting of crops includes land selection and preparation, fertilization, sowing, field management, harvest and so on. Field management is one of the most critical aspects, including ploughing and loosening soil, weeding, fertilization, watering, disease prevention and so on.

Take buckwheat as an example to introduce crop planting techniques:

I. Land preparation

Buckwheat is not strict on soil conditions, no matter sandy loam, light loam, acidic soil, slightly alkaline soil and newly reclaimed land, can be planted. Deep ploughing and fine raking are required before sowing to loosen the soil.

II. Fertilization

Buckwheat is a crop that needs more fertilizer. Every 100 kg buckwheat needs to absorb 3.3 kg of nitrogen, 1.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 4.3 kg of potassium oxide. In addition, according to the study, buckwheat root system has a strong ability to absorb phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, especially for insoluble phosphate fertilizer, has a special utilization ability, the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can significantly increase buckwheat yield; nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied more, otherwise it is easy to lodge. The base fertilizer is mainly barnyard manure, phosphate fertilizer and plant ash, and appropriate topdressing during the growing period.

Third, sowing seeds

Before sowing, select large and full seeds and dry them in order to promote post-ripening and improve germination energy and germination rate. The sowing rate is 2kg / mu, and the sowing time can be extended to the middle and late July. Sowing methods are sowing, on demand and strip sowing, strip sowing is better, row spacing is 35-50 cm, sowing depth is 3-4 cm, when the soil is dry, it can be deepened to 5-6 cm.

IV. Management

After sowing, it is suppressed according to soil moisture, and after emergence, the weeds are killed by hoeing to prevent water evaporation. The second intertillage was carried out by combining soil cultivation and topdressing before flowering.

5. Harvest

The flowering period of buckwheat is very long, the seed maturity is very inconsistent, and the seeds are easy to fall off, so the appropriate harvest is very important; generally, when 2/3 of the fruits of most plants turn brown, it is the appropriate harvest time. Harvest time is best chosen in the morning when the dew is not dry, and pay attention to light cutting and light handling, in order to reduce the loss of falling grains. If you encounter frost damage or windy weather before harvest, you should seize the harvest.