What is the planting management method of Camellia oleifera?

Camellia oleifera has a long life and strong adaptability, and can grow in hills, mountains, ditches and roadsides. In recent years, as a high-grade edible oil, tea oil has a broad prospect of comprehensive processing and utilization. What is the planting management method of Camellia oleifera? What are the planting prospects and economic benefits of Camellia oleifera?

What is the planting management method of Camellia oleifera?

1. The choice of woodland

In hills, hills and plains below 500 meters above sea level, choose acidic soil with sufficient sunshine, slope below 25 degrees, deep soil layer, loose soil, fertile, moist and well-drained soil to plant Camellia oleifera (ph 5-6). High mountains, long steep slopes, shady slopes and stagnant low-lying areas should be avoided as far as possible.

two。 Selection of species

For seed collection of Camellia oleifera, it is necessary to select four key points: good slice selection, plant selection, fruit selection and seed selection, and select fresh and high quality seeds with large, full, dark brown seed shell, disease-free spot and luster. Seed storage should pay attention to the tea fruit after harvest, can not pile up, can not be exposed to the sun, should be spread thinly in the air circulation, dry place, let it naturally crack and thresh, the seed indoor air-dried storage. Generally, wet sand is used for stratified storage on the ground, and kiln storage can also be used.

3. Meticulous soil preparation

Soil preparation was carried out in the summer and autumn season of the year before afforestation. In mountainous areas, a year ago, land preparation should be carried out to cut down mountains and refine mountains, and the methods of land preparation include comprehensive land preparation, banded land preparation, block land preparation, and so on.

4. Prepare for tillage

Where it is appropriate to plant, open holes for ploughing according to the plant row spacing of 2 meters × 3.3 meters, first arrange the direct seeding area into a platform of 40 cm × 40 cm, and then open a long hole with a depth of 10 cm to 15 cm on the inside of the platform, in order to facilitate water storage and prevent drought.

5. On demand

Place 3 seeds in a small hole in the platform and scatter them in a triangle. Pay attention to the fact that the seeds must stick to the solid soil so that the seeds can absorb water and germinate. After sowing, the covering soil should be shallow, the cover soil should be fine, and the straw or straw should be covered to prevent birds from feeding and water evaporation. In addition, in order to prevent the harm of animals and rats, chemical agents can be used to mix seeds.

Second, what are the planting prospects and economic benefits of Camellia oleifera?

Because Camellia oleifera is mostly planted in mountainous areas and has strong disease resistance, the oil extracted from it also has the characteristics of safety, green, non-pollution, strong disease resistance, nutrition, health care and so on. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for high-end edible oil is also gradually increasing. As the "oriental olive oil", the content of unsaturated fatty acids in tea oil is as high as 90%. The contents of oleic acid and vitamin E are 7% and 1 times higher than that of olive oil, respectively. coupled with its unique flavor, storage resistance, not easy to rancidity, nutrients close to the proportion of human needs, will not produce carcinogenic aflatoxin Easy to be absorbed by the human body, long-term consumption can reduce the content of serum cholesterol, prevention and treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. In addition, Camellia oleifera withered cake can extract tea saponin, planing powder and compound feed, and tea shell can extract furfural, tanning material and activated carbon. These extracts can be used in catering, industry, medicine, cosmetics, health products, processing catalysts and other industries. Thus it can be seen that the deep processing products of Camellia oleifera have high added value, extensive utilization value and broad market prospects.

According to the market situation, the cost of planting Camellia oleifera is less than 1500 yuan per mu, there is no economic benefit in the first three years of the young forest, the fruit begins to hang up in the fourth year, the annual yield increases exponentially, and the full fruiting period is as long as 50 to 70 years. The fresh fruit of Camellia oleifera produces 5440kg per mu, the price is 2.2yuan / kg, the income per mu is nearly 10,000 yuan, the yield of Camellia oleifera seed is 2-8 times of that of rapeseed, the annual yield of Camellia oleifera seed is 3330 ~ 12000kg per hectare, and the market price of edible camellia oil is 3-5 times that of rapeseed oil. The price of export trade is high, which is 7.50 times higher than that of rapeseed oil in Japan and US $12 / kg in the United States market, so the economic benefit of Camellia oleifera cultivation is considerable.