Scientific and technological wings help modern agriculture take off

"I didn't expect to increase production by so much! Saving fertilizer and medicine and increasing production, there is still great potential for growing grain through science and technology. " During the autumn harvest season, the big grain growers have complained about the joy of the harvest. China's grain production is expected to have another bumper harvest at the high starting point of the "eleventh consecutive increase", farmers' income continues to maintain a relatively rapid growth in the good situation of "eleventh consecutive growth", agricultural and rural economy has made great achievements, and agricultural science and technology has played a vital role. At present, the contribution rate of China's agricultural scientific and technological progress has reached 56%, making outstanding contributions to the steady growth of agriculture, restructuring, promoting reform, and benefiting the people's livelihood.

Changing the mode of agricultural development depends fundamentally on the progress of science and technology. High-point climbing and high-level plate protection require high-yield and efficient scientific and technological contributions, while strong and lasting scientific and technological power is needed to break through technological bottlenecks and promote the sustainable development of agriculture. In recent years, through the fruitful efforts of the Ministry of Agriculture, the wings of agricultural science and technology are getting thicker and stronger, and the engine of agricultural science and technology is becoming more and more powerful and effective.

Climb up, "stand tall" achievements to enhance international competitiveness

Some people say that agricultural research should not only look up at the starry sky, but also keep its feet on the ground. In order to "stand upright", we should not only focus on the long term and seize the commanding heights of agricultural science and technology, but also be based on the present, adhere to demand orientation, and avoid the "two skins" of science and technology economy. Aiming at this goal, China has made a number of major scientific research achievements with independent intellectual property rights, which has laid a solid foundation for the development of the service industry and the promotion of international competitiveness.

In the seed industry, the "molecular ID card" database of rice, wheat, corn, cotton and other germplasm resources was constructed, and a number of key genes with independent intellectual property rights and important breeding value, such as insect resistance, herbicide resistance, high quality and high yield, were obtained. a number of new lines or combinations of transgenic grain and oil crops with application prospects, such as rice, corn and soybean, have been cultivated. In the prevention and control of agricultural disasters, we have innovated biological control technologies for major diseases and insect pests, and developed a number of animal vaccines such as avian influenza and pig blue-ear disease, ensuring the stable development of the industry. In terms of agricultural resources and environment, resource conservation and environmental protection technologies such as agricultural water saving and efficiency, prevention and control of non-point source pollution, and resource utilization of agricultural wastes have been developed, which have improved the efficiency of resource utilization, protected the environment of producing areas, and promoted the sustainable development of agriculture.

Extend downwards, popularize agricultural technology into villages and households

From "broken lines, broken networks, and scattered people" to the opening of the "last kilometer", in recent years, the Ministry of Agriculture has promoted the revision of the Law on Agricultural Technology Popularization and vigorously implemented it, and intensified the implementation of the policy of "one convergence, two coverage." the reform and construction of the grass-roots agricultural technology extension system has achieved new results and entered a new stage of healthy and rapid development.

The institutional team has been further improved. At present, there are 580000 agrotechnical personnel nationwide, 87% of whom have a technical secondary school degree or above, and 11000 agrotechnical personnel are recruited nationwide. The system and mechanism have been further improved, and the county-based management mode has been implemented in the township agricultural technology extension institutions of 2xue 3; the working mechanism of "experts + agrotechnical personnel + scientific and technological demonstration households" and the service mode of "including villages and households" have been widely implemented throughout the country. The level of service has been further improved. the national grass-roots agricultural technology extension system has promoted 278000 new varieties and 181000 new technologies a year, carried out technical training 580000 times, and trained 350 million people, effectively promoting the rapid entry of agricultural science and technology into villages, households and fields. It has provided strong support for the coverage rate of improved crop varieties in China to reach 96% and to continuously improve the level of per unit yield. The transformation and application of agricultural scientific and technological achievements has been further accelerated, the national agricultural scientific and technological achievements transfer center has been built, the national agricultural science and technology service cloud platform has been launched, and the transformation speed and information level of agricultural scientific and technological achievements have been improved.

Joint cooperation presents a new pattern for tackling key problems in agricultural scientific research.

During the autumn harvest last year, the super rice, led by Academician Yuan Longping, achieved a yield of more than 1,000 kilograms per mu. Behind the glory and dream of super rice, many academicians and experts have made painstaking efforts to jointly fight in five major rice regions and six major cooperation groups. The successful practice of super rice has once again proved that organizing and jointly tackling key problems is an important way to break through the major key technologies of agriculture, and it is also an important guarantee to improve the efficiency of agricultural scientific and technological innovation and achieve breakthroughs in agricultural science and technology.

In recent years, the organization and implementation of major science and technology projects of the Ministry of Agriculture has broken the boundaries of departments, regions, units and disciplines, effectively agglomerated the advantages of all parties, and formed a strong joint force. With the modern agricultural industrial technology system as the carrier, we will promote in-depth cooperation in agricultural science, education, industry, learning and research, and form a new pattern of joint cooperation of experts from different regions and disciplines in the industrial technology fields of 50 agricultural products, such as rice and live pigs. Taking the scientific research projects of public welfare industries (agriculture) as the platform, 224 major scientific and technological projects have been launched and implemented. More than 660 agricultural scientific research institutions, scientific and technological enterprises, colleges and universities and other innovative institutions from 29 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country have participated in the projects. it involves nearly 10,000 scientific and technological personnel (person-time) across the country, realizing cross-departmental, cross-disciplinary and cross-regional cooperation. Eleven "vertical disciplines" with variety innovation as the main line, such as rice, wheat, soybean and cotton, were constructed. Genomics, comprehensive management of crop pests, animal diseases and other 19 "horizontal disciplines" with common technological innovation as the main line have formed a crisscross agricultural science and technology platform link and innovation network for all agricultural producing areas, including superior agricultural products, covering major agricultural disciplines and advantageous units.