Detailed explanation of planting techniques of Beautiful Strawberry

Prepare a sandy loam that is rich in organic matter and has not been planted with strawberries, and deep ploughing, fertilization and ridging. From mid-late August to early September, strawberry seedlings will be planted in caves according to the distance between rows and 30*22cm, and finally covered with soil. After successful planting, strawberries can be produced by basic management work such as water and fertilizer, pest control, temperature control and ploughing and loosening soil.

1. Key points of planting techniques and management of strawberries:

1. Planting technology

Strawberry belongs to large plant type. The criteria for cultivating strong seedlings are as follows: more than 5 unfolded leaves, 0.8-1.0 cm thick root neck, more than 10 roots, short and strong plants, well-developed roots and no diseases and insect pests.

The planting time of strawberry in greenhouse is generally between the end of August and September 10 (pseudo-planting seedlings can be before the end of September). One week before planting, soil preparation and fertilization, combined with fully mature farm manure 3-5t per mu, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer or strawberry special compound fertilizer 50kg, deeply turned 30-35cm, and fully mixed with the soil.

Ridge planting, ridge height 25-30cm, large ridge spacing 85-90cm, ridge width 50-60cm, double-row planting, small row spacing 25-30cm, plant spacing about 17cm. The prevention of seedling diseases should be carried out one week before planting. When transplanting strawberries, the time should be cloudy or sunny evening, watering the nursery before raising seedlings, planting with soil as far as possible, slow seedling light. Due to the tall strawberry plants, it is not easy to plant closely, and the number of plants per mu is controlled within 9000. After planting, the shade net should be put up and the management should be strengthened.

2. Fertilizer and water management

Beauty strawberries are dormant, and the greenhouse heat preservation time is generally around the middle of October.

After heat preservation in greenhouse, strawberry grows more and more and flower buds differentiate rapidly. Topdressing should be applied before plastic film mulching, and then every 15-20 days. Available silicon and large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer balanced type (20-20-20) or high potassium type (14-6-33) 5-10kg should be applied every mu. In order to prevent calcium deficiency and abnormal fruit, calcium chloride, calcium superphosphate and boron-containing foliar fertilizer should be sprayed every 15-20 days in bud stage and flowering stage.

In addition, in order to improve the photosynthetic efficiency of strawberry plants and the content of CO2 in the greenhouse, CO2 gas fertilizer should be applied. The application of CO2 sustained-release granules, straw biological reactor technology and biogas generator in greenhouse can be used to improve plant living environment, plant resistance and fruit quality.

3. Temperature and humidity management

After the greenhouse begins to keep warm, the daytime temperature should be kept at 25-28 ℃, the night temperature should be kept at 10-12 ℃, not lower than 8 ℃; after entering the flowering stage, the daytime temperature should be controlled between 23-25 ℃, and the night temperature should be controlled at 8-10 ℃. Too high or too low temperature will affect the effect of pollination and fertilization, resulting in abnormal fruit production; during the fruit expansion period, the daytime temperature should be 20-25 ℃, and the night temperature should be no less than 5 ℃. In order to achieve scientific temperature control according to the needs of plant growth, the automatic temperature control system in greenhouse is popularized and applied. Humidity control in the shed is mainly accomplished by scientific irrigation and ventilation. The water requirement during flower bud differentiation is small, and that during fruit expansion is larger. Water should be properly controlled during flowering and before fruit harvest to prevent large space humidity from affecting pollination, fertilization and fruit quality. In order to reduce the humidity of the shed, straw can be laid in ridges and furrows. In addition, keep a lookout every day, even on a cloudy day for about half an hour at noon.

4. Plant management

After covering the greenhouse film, strawberries should be removed at any time from diseased old leaves and newly drawn stolons.

The inflorescence of strawberry with beautiful face has strong flowering ability, and it can be sprayed only once with 5mg/L gibberellin solution according to the actual growth at the early budding stage. After the inflorescence, the inflorescence is straightened out to the ridge and covered with grass under the fruit, which is beneficial to the early maturing of coloring, reducing the diseases and insect pests and easy to harvest; the high-grade florets are removed in the bud stage, and the diseases, insect pests and abnormal fruits are removed in the green stage of the young fruit, the main inflorescence generally leaves 5-6 fruits, and the lateral inflorescence retains 4-5 fruits, which can increase the fruit, improve the quality, and increase the yield and commodity value.

In addition, bees should be released to assist in pollination. The beehive was moved into the beehive 3-4 days before flowering, and the bees were released at the first flowering of 10% of the plants, with an average of one bee per strawberry.

5. Lighting management

Strawberries have a large demand for light during the growth period, long nights and short days in winter, and natural light can not meet the needs of growth and development of strawberries in greenhouse. In addition to hanging the reflective film on the back wall, using the greenhouse film with good light transmittance and often cleaning the dust on the film surface, the electric lamp supplementary light technology should be adopted from November to February of the following year to make up for the lack of light.

The above is the relevant introduction of the detailed explanation of strawberry planting technology. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.