Planting conditions of Maize

There are four growing conditions for corn. The first point is the temperature, the best temperature is 20-30 degrees in the germination stage, 15-27 degrees in the jointing stage and 25-26 degrees in the flowering stage. The second point is light, which is given 8-10 hours a day. The third point is moisture, generally more watering in summer, the rest of the time appropriate watering, rainy season to do a good job of drainage measures. The fourth point is the soil, which should be loose, deep and rich in organic matter.

Corn planting conditions are introduced in detail:

I. temperature

Maize is a temperature-loving crop, which requires a higher temperature during the whole growth period. The biological effective temperature of maize is 10 ℃. Seed germination requires 6-10 ℃, slow germination below 10 ℃, exuberant germination at 16-21 ℃, the optimum temperature for germination is 28-35 ℃, and germination stops above 40 ℃. It can tolerate short-term-2-3 ℃ in seedling stage. It requires 15-27 ℃ at jointing stage, 25-26 ℃ at flowering stage and 20-24 ℃ at filling stage. The temperature requirements of different maize varieties are also different. In China, the accumulated temperature is 20-220 ℃ for early-maturing varieties, 23-260 ℃ for middle-maturing varieties, and 25-28 (30) ℃ for late-maturing varieties. Most of the maize producing areas in the world are concentrated in the range of 21-27 ℃ isotherms and 120-180 days of frost-free period in July.

Second, lighting

Corn is a short-day plant, which can blossom and bear fruit under the condition of short-day sunshine (8-10 hours). The spectral composition has a great influence on the development of maize. it is studied that the short-wave light such as blue develops rapidly in the daytime, while the long-wave light such as red develops rapidly in the morning or night. Maize is a C4 plant with strong photosynthetic capacity and high light saturation point. Generally, the photosynthetic intensity of maize is 35-80mgCO2/dm2 leaf hours.

Third, moisture

Corn has high plant height and large leaf area, so it needs more water. The optimum precipitation during the growth period of maize was 410-640mm, which affected the yield and quality of maize in drought. It is generally believed that the areas lower than 150mm in summer are not suitable for planting corn, but too much precipitation affects light, increases disease, lodging and weed damage, and also affects the improvement of maize yield and quality. Although corn needs more water, the relative water demand is not too high. The transpiration coefficient is 240-370, which is lower than that of barley (280-400), oat (340-500), Zihuashouqing (831) and clover (797). Corn has strong roots and can fully benefit the water in the soil. When the temperature is high and the air is dry, the leaves curl upward to reduce the transpiration area and balance water absorption and transpiration properly.

IV. Soil

Corn is not very strict with soil. Black calcium soil, chestnut soil and sandy loam with loose soil, deep soil and rich organic matter can grow corn in the range of 6-8. Maize could grow in soil containing NaCl0.21% at seedling stage, which was greater than plant death. Maize plant contains 16 elements, except C and H2O2 come from CO2. And should be absorbed from the soil. The larger requirements are N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg, and the less are Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ba and Cl2. From 10 days before heading to 25-30 days after heading, maize accumulated the fastest and absorbed the most fertilizer, which absorbed 70-75% N, 60-70% P and 65% K in this stage. NI.75-2.22kg, H2PO40.59-0.85kg and K2o1.5-1.84kg are needed for every 100jin corn grain production. The proportion of the three elements is 2.6, 1, 2.

The above is the introduction of the planting conditions of corn. I hope it will be helpful to you.