How to integrate Aquatic Industry into the era of Agriculture 4.0

With the progress of science and technology, the Internet of things and manufacturing services ushered in the fourth industrial revolution dominated by intelligent manufacturing. In 2013, Hannover Messe of Germany formally put forward the concept of "Industrial 4.0". This is one of the top 10 future projects identified by the German government's High Technology Strategy 2020, which aims to support the R & D and innovation of a new generation of revolutionary technologies in the industrial field.

Agriculture, as the supply of raw materials for industrial production and the use of industrial finished products, will also be integrated into the reform of this era and develop into the era of agricultural intelligence, that is, the era of agriculture 4.0. As one of the important contents of Agriculture 4.0, profound changes will take place in the aquaculture industry. The era of intelligent, networked, refined and convenient aquaculture is coming.

The change of ■ Agriculture from 1.0 to 4.0

Agriculture 4.0 is a modern agricultural form supported by Internet of things, big data, mobile Internet and cloud computing technology, that is, intelligent agriculture (Intelligent Agriculture). It is also the product of progress to a higher stage following traditional agriculture, mechanized agriculture, and information (automation) agriculture.

Throughout the course of the development of modern agriculture at home and abroad, it can be divided into four stages: agriculture 1.0 is an agricultural management model that relies on individual manual labor and animal labor. People mainly rely on experience to judge the agricultural season and use simple tools and animal power to cultivate. Mainly engaged in production in a small-scale household as a unit, the production scale is small, the management and production technology is relatively backward, and the ability to resist natural disasters is poor. The efficiency of agro-ecosystem is low and the commodity economy is weak. Agriculture 2.0, that is, mechanized agriculture, is a production and management mode based on mechanized production, using advanced and applicable agricultural machinery to replace human and animal power production tools, and improving the agricultural production conditions of "facing loess and facing the sky". The backward and inefficient traditional mode of production will be transformed into an advanced and efficient mode of large-scale production, and the level of labor productivity and agricultural productivity will be greatly improved. With the increasing application of modern information technology and automation equipment in agriculture, such as computer, electronics and communications, agriculture will step into 3.0 mode. Agriculture 3.0, that is, information (automation) agriculture, is an agriculture characterized by the application of modern information technology and the automation and intelligence of local production operations.

When information technology develops to a new stage, it can produce a new agricultural development model, namely, intelligent agriculture, which is a combination of networking, cloud computing and big data's highly intelligent agriculture. Its purpose is to achieve the overall optimization of large-scale agricultural production. The goal is to make the most efficient use of all kinds of agricultural resources, to minimize agricultural energy consumption and cost, to maximize the protection of agricultural ecological environment, and to realize the overall optimization of agricultural system. Characterized by the ubiquity of the whole agricultural chain, the whole industry, the whole process and the whole region, and supported by the Internet of things technologies such as comprehensive perception, reliable transmission and intelligent processing, the modern agricultural development mode and form of high yield, high efficiency, low consumption, high quality, ecology and safety are mainly based on automatic production, optimal control, intelligent management, systematic logistics and electronic trading.

Agriculture 4.0 is still in the stage of concept, concept, design and experimental demonstration. Agriculture 4.0 is still in the stage of concept, concept, design and experimental demonstration in China. Beijing has focused on the demonstration of the application of the Internet of things in agricultural water management, environmental regulation and facility agriculture, and realized the fine management of agricultural water use and the monitoring of facility agricultural environment. Heilongjiang Province focuses on building wireless sensor networks in field crop production, and carries out data transmission and centralized data processing and analysis with the help of the Internet and mobile communication networks to support production decisions. Jiangsu Province has developed a domestic leading integrated intelligent management platform based on the Internet of things, focusing on the exploration of aquaculture and other aspects. Shandong has made remarkable progress in the informatization of the whole industry of facility greenhouse and aquaculture. Zhejiang Province focuses on the application of Internet of things technology in facility flowers, and various environmental indicators are wirelessly transmitted to microcomputers through sensors, realizing automatic monitoring and transmission control of the whole process of flower planting; the construction of the "four emotions" monitoring project of wheat in Anhui Province has been launched. In addition, some exploratory work has also been carried out in Henan, Chongqing, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia.

At this stage, China's agriculture 4.0 is mainly based on the demonstration, promotion and application of Internet of things technology in various fields, and has not yet achieved large-scale and high-level application. With the rapid development of agricultural e-commerce, agricultural products logistics and agricultural market-oriented services, big data, cloud computing and mobile Internet have also been widely used and effectively integrated with the Internet of things technology.

Application status of ■ "Agriculture 4.0" in Aquatic Industry

The development of "Agriculture 4.0" focuses on the Internet of things, big data, cloud computing, mobile Internet and other technologies, and breaks through the core technologies and major key technologies related to the Internet of things in agriculture. to meet the needs of the development of modern agriculture is the only way to move towards" Agriculture 4.0". At this stage, the application of "Agriculture 4.0" in the aquatic industry is mainly reflected in the application of key technologies with the Internet of things as the core.

The deepening application of "Agriculture 4.0" technology such as Internet of Things in the field of aquatic products requires a large number of practical talents who understand technology and can apply it. However, aquaculture has always been regarded as a difficult, low-paid and low-valued occupation in society. The old social prejudice has had a great impact on the psychology of agricultural colleges, especially the students who study aquaculture themselves and their relatives. After graduation, most of these students have turned to non-breeding front-line posts such as feed marketing under their own fear and dissuasion from their families, and quite a few have turned to industries unrelated to aquaculture. Not to mention other majors graduate into the industry. Therefore, in the case of insufficient practical talents, through the Internet of Things and other "agriculture 4.0" technology to vigorously upgrade the technical equipment in the industry, playing the "technical card", in order to better alleviate the dilemma of high-quality labor shortage in the aquatic industry. Under the condition of high labor cost, large-scale farms in Norway integrate modern information technology to build a breeding Internet of Things platform to realize the complete automation of salmon feed feeding, harvesting, net washing and processing. As long as regular maintenance is carried out, 1~2 people can manage all affairs of the whole field. This benign operation aquaculture mode is worth learning from.

For a long time, as a traditional breeding method in China, low-lying saline-alkali land and barren beach waste water are transformed for breeding. The technology is mature, the operation is simple, and the investment is moderate. It is suitable for the economic development level of farmers 'contract management in rural areas of China. However, it has long cycle, high labor intensity, low production efficiency, high breeding risk and serious water pollution. Therefore, reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency, reducing breeding risks and realizing ecological breeding are the dreams of fishermen for many years, and are also the inevitable requirements for fishery modernization in the new period. Through the Internet of Things and other "agriculture 4.0" technology to combine artificial intelligence systems and related instruments, meters, equipment, through computer control to achieve water quality monitoring, oxygenation, bait, fishing and other aquaculture operations and transportation, processing, storage, logistics and other automated management, reducing the input of manpower and material resources, but also reducing the loss caused by human experience error. At the same time, through the combination of aquaculture households, various industry associations and aquaculture organizations are born, forming cluster effect and scale effect, which changes the development mode of aquaculture.

At present, the development of aquaculture industry in China is in a new historical stage, especially deepening the structural adjustment of aquaculture industry, steadily increasing farmers 'income and improving the competitiveness of aquatic products market. It is of great significance to promote the development of agriculture and aquaculture and improve the quality of life of fishermen by vigorously promoting the informatization of aquaculture and promoting the modernization of aquaculture in China by informatization.