Mu Yongtong: the reply of China's Fisheries Development, whether the Blue Ocean Strategy should be implemented

[guide] rely on the mountain to eat the mountain, rely on the sea to eat the sea. But now the sea is no longer the sea of the past, is there any resources that can be excavated in the sea? Professor Mu Yongtong of Ocean University of China will tell you in detail.

[oral broadcast] bumper harvest in Haiyang, four seasons in the countryside. Hello, dear viewers. Welcome to today's "four Seasons in the country". I am your friend Rong Sheng. Before the program began, I first sang a song to the big guys. When I was a child, my mother told me that the sea was my hometown, the sea was born, the sea grew up, the sea went to the ends of the earth like my mother, always beside me this song called "sea ah hometown", there is a classic lyrics: the sea, the sea, just like my mother. Then why do people compare the sea to mothers? Because fishermen go out to sea with empty boats, they always come back full of fish, just like their mothers, selflessly dedicating themselves and satisfying their children. But, now, the sea mother is not feeling well. What's going on? Not long ago, Mu Yongtong, a professor from Ocean University of China, came to Haiyang and gave fishermen a wonderful lesson.

Expert business card

Mu Yongtong was born in November 1962 in Rongcheng, Shandong Province. Professor and doctoral supervisor of Ocean University of China. He is mainly engaged in teaching and scientific research related to fishery economy and management, and has been in charge of and participated in tackling key problems at the national level for many times as the main person in charge.

[explanation] Professor Mu Yongtong came to Haiyang to attend a training lecture for new fishermen at the invitation of the Municipal Bureau of Ocean and Fisheries. As soon as he sat down at the desk, he typed the title on the whiteboard: "China's Fisheries Development, should the implementation of the Blue Ocean Strategy be taken as a lesson?" "when, immediately attracted everyone's attention, this slightly rhetorical title is destined to make today's lecture thought-provoking.

[commentary] sure enough, Professor Mu cut into the subject from the case of large-scale death of Japanese scallop in Changhai County, Liaoning Province in recent years. During his research in the county, he found that after the mass death of Shanyi scallop in 2007, local farmers lost all the money they earned in the first 10 years.

[simultaneous voice] Professor Mu Yongtong of Ocean University of China

(Shrimp Yi scallop in Changhai County) the death continued in 2008 and there was a large-scale death in 2009.

[commentary] after the large-scale death in 2009, the investment in breeding prawns and scallops has also been put in. "that is to say, local farmers have worked hard to raise scallops for more than ten years, but not only have not made a penny, but even their investment has been wasted, resulting in losing money and shouting at a loss.

In analyzing the reasons, Professor Mu pointed out that the culture of shrimp-Japanese scallop in this county has shown an expansive development in recent years, and the culture density has also been rising, and most farmers only cultivate shrimp-Japanese scallop. Large-scale culture of single species can easily lead to ecosystem instability, resulting in the actual aquaculture capacity greatly exceeds the ecological carrying capacity of the sea area. This is the root cause of the large-scale death of Japanese scallop in Changhai County.

[simultaneous voice] Professor Mu Yongtong of Ocean University of China

When I first graduated from the Bohai Sea, when I graduated in 1987, my neighbor was a crew member of the Qingdao Fisheries Company. He told me that in the 1960s, they went to the Bohai Sea to catch prawns.

[commentary] from full fishing vessels in the past to empty fishing vessels now, the changes of this era are unacceptable for the time being. Professor Mu said that from the perspective of the fishing industry, the big and small yellow croaker and cuttlefish in China's "four-master production" were overfished as early as the late 1950s, and so far there is no sign of recovery. Subsequently, the Bohai Sea "Penaeus chinensis", perennial benthic fish and anchovy, which were not used as target species, have been overutilized, and most of the species are now in a state of "commercial extinction". This has shown that there has been a serious decline in marine fishery resources. So, what happened to our ocean? What is the reason for the continuous decline of fishery resources?

[simultaneous voice] Professor Mu Yongtong of Ocean University of China

Our marine fishery resources are really not optimistic, so there are basically very few traditional fishery resources now, and now it is one reason, that is, the reason that we fish too much is what is called, like when I take leek as an example, this leek has a normal growth law, and according to its growth law, we cut off part of it and let it underneath. But now we've basically pulled out all the roots, and this kind of renewable energy doesn't work at all, and the situation of wild resources is very bad, and the fishing intensity is too strong.

[commentary] another important reason for the shrinking of marine resources is pollution. Professor Mu Yongtong pointed out that in recent years, the bottomless discharge of sewage by coastal factories and residents, excessive drug use by fishermen, as well as excessive land activities such as oil platforms and sea transport have also had a "worsening" impact on the marine fishery, completely destroying the living space of offshore fish.

[simultaneous voice] Professor Mu Yongtong of Ocean University of China

The inland population is moving to the seaside, well, the whole density of the coastal area is very large, in addition, the development speed of this industry is also very fast. In addition, the problem of pollutant discharge is also very fast. In the past, we did not use chemical fertilizers or pesticides. Now, pesticides and chemical fertilizers are all used. In the end, Rain Water went to the sea and the aquaculture industry itself also caused this to the development of the ocean. Pollution also aggravates the problem of marine pollution. Generally speaking, the situation of resources and environment is really not optimistic.

[commentary] Mu Yongtong said: "the development, utilization and protection of marine resources should not become frenzied development. If we human beings intervene in the ocean too intensively and do not act in accordance with the laws of nature, we will eventually be punished by the objective laws.

[explanation] when talking about the role and effect of multiplication and release on enriching marine resources, Professor Mu pointed out that raising people on one side of water and soil is actually the same for marine species, with one side of soil and water raising one side of fish and shrimp.

[simultaneous voice] Professor Mu Yongtong of Ocean University of China

In theory, if the species we produce is what we already have, it is originally produced in this sea area, and the quality of our seedlings is fine, it can work in theory, but if there are some species, not our native species, I mean, don't put why I'm using this land and water to raise people, this alien species, it's for this ocean, even if it can be short. I'm afraid it will do more harm than good in the long run.

[commentary] there is no fish offshore, either because of reclamation, coastal pollution, or overfishing. In short, one consequence is to drive Chinese fishermen to the deep sea. In Mu Yongtong's view, on the one hand, the country wants to revitalize the marine economy, on the other hand, some people who traditionally rely on the sea and eat the sea have nothing to eat. Is this a paradox?. China's implementation of the Blue Ocean Strategy should learn from Changhai County, Liaoning Province, and should not be lost in rash advance. As far as the majority of fishermen are concerned, they should start with themselves and jointly maintain and protect the marine environment.

[simultaneous voice] Professor Mu Yongtong of Ocean University of China

We are a general sea, we share a market, so we all have to work together to protect the environment during the use of this resource, not to exceed the limit of the capacity of the marine ecology, and this is the second point that we need to pay attention to the market, not the more the better, the better, the best level of supply in their market, and this output, it is best to be relatively stable.

Professor Mu Yongtong said: the development, utilization and protection of marine resources should not become frenzied development. Overfishing, overbreeding and overuse of drugs are all against the laws of nature. The sea is really like our mother, we can't ask our mother endlessly to protect the ocean mother, we all have a responsibility.