Chen Xiwen: promoting a new type of urbanization with people as the core

Urbanization is the only way of modernization. Promoting urbanization is an important way to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, a strong support for promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and regions, and an important starting point for expanding domestic demand and promoting industrial upgrading. it is of great practical and far-reaching historical significance to building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and accelerating socialist modernization. At present, the development of urbanization in China is facing great opportunities as well as many major challenges. In order to promote urbanization in a large country with a population of more than 1.3 billion, there is no precedent to follow and foreign models cannot be copied blindly. We must follow the requirements of the CPC Central Committee's proposal on the formulation of the 13th five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, proceed from the basic national conditions of the primary stage of socialism in China, follow the law, take advantage of the situation, grasp the direction, and actively promote a new type of urbanization with people as the core.

We will deepen the reform of the household registration system and promote the families of agricultural migrant workers who have the ability to work and live steadily in cities and towns to settle in cities.

To promote a new type of urbanization with people as the core, the first and foremost task at present is to promote the orderly citizenization of the resident population who are capable of stable employment and life in cities and towns. On this basis, we will improve the quality and quality of life of all urban people. Speeding up the reform of the household registration system is one of the major tasks to promote the new type of urbanization. At present, to deepen the reform of the household registration system, the key point is to implement the policy of settling agricultural migrant population in different types of cities and towns, and the main task is to solve the problem of settling agricultural migrant population who have been transferred to urban areas for employment and residence. It is necessary to fully liberalize the conditions for settling in established towns and small cities, relax restrictions on settling in medium-sized cities in an orderly manner, rationally determine the conditions for settling in big cities, and strictly control the population size of mega-cities. We will establish a unified household registration system for urban and rural areas, basically establish a household registration system with legal and stable residence and legal and stable employment as the basic conditions, and registration of the place of habitual residence as the basic form, and build a national population basic information database, achieve cross-departmental and cross-regional information integration and sharing, and provide a basis for cities and towns to work out economic and social development plans, arrange infrastructure construction, and formulate public policies. Classify and guide the citizenization of migrant workers, establish and improve a points settlement system linked to the number of years of residence and other conditions, provide step-by-step policy channels for fair and orderly settlement, and speed up the improvement of the urbanization level of the household registration population.

The reform of the household registration system involves thousands of families and concerns the vital interests of the broad masses of the people. It is necessary to give overall consideration to the interests and demands of different groups, highlight the key points and advance them step by step. To speed up the reform of the household registration system and promote the citizenization of the agricultural transferred population, we should adhere to the principles of voluntariness, classification and order. To be voluntary means to fully respect the wishes of the peasants, fully respect the people's right to settle on their own, let them make their own choices, refrain from making coercive orders to "force" the peasants to enter the cities, and do not allow the transferred agricultural population to be "settled" and "allocated to public housing". We will earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the broad masses of peasants. Classification is to make overall deployment from the top-level design. All provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government should make specific policy arrangements in accordance with local conditions, and all localities should improve and refine the settlement standards according to the comprehensive carrying capacity of different urban resources and environment, so that the transferred agricultural population and other permanent residents can understand the conditions for settling in different cities and towns, and form clear and stable expectations for settlement. To be orderly is to give priority to solving the stock, reasonably guiding the increase, and giving priority to the settlement of permanent residents in cities in this area. priority should be given to solving the problem of settling in cities and towns of agricultural transferred population who have been in the city for a long time, have strong employability, adapt to the industrial needs of cities and towns and the market competition environment. To promote the reform of the household registration system and promote the settlement of rural migrant workers in cities, we should not only be active and steady, but also be solid and orderly, with no wind, no rash advance, and no movement.

Implement the residence permit system and strive to achieve full coverage of the resident population with basic public services

The establishment of residence permit system is a great innovation of population management system. Migrant workers who often live in cities and towns have become the main body of China's urban industrial workers and have made great contributions to the local economic and social development. however, in education, medical care, pension, employment, housing security and other aspects are still unable to enjoy the same basic public services as the local registered population, work and life are faced with many difficulties, there is still an obvious contradiction of dual structure in cities and towns. If these problems are not properly solved for a long time, they will adversely affect the process of urbanization and agricultural modernization.

According to the strategic plan of the country's new urbanization, efforts should be made to solve the problem of settling down about 100 million people who have moved to urban agriculture and other permanent residents by 2020. other people who have entered the city but have not settled have to solve their basic public service problems by establishing a residence permit system. The 2015 Government work report clearly states that "for migrants who have been employed and lived in cities and towns but have not yet settled down, residence permits shall be used as the carrier to provide corresponding basic public services." The implementation of the residence permit system is a beneficial exploration to gradually relax the restrictions on population migration under the conditions of different cities and towns at the present stage, and it is a transitional institutional arrangement. The purpose of implementing the residence permit system is to establish a mechanism for the supply of basic public services linked to the number of years of residence, so as to provide holders with the same basic public services and facilities as the local registered population, especially to solve the practical difficulties in compulsory education, basic medical care, basic old-age care, employment services and other permanent residents who have been employed in cities and towns but have not yet settled down. Governments at all levels should actively create conditions in the light of economic and social development, constantly expand the scope of public services and facilities for residence permit holders, raise service standards, and achieve full coverage of basic public services for the urban resident population, so that more floating people can integrate into cities and towns, so that they have a greater sense of belonging and identity to the cities and towns where they live.

Improve the mechanism of linking financial transfer payment with the citizenization of agricultural transfer population

Under the national conditions of our country, the process of the transfer of rural population to non-agriculture will last for a long time. At present, the total number of migrant workers in China has reached 274 million, accounting for about 1x5 of the total population, but most of the domicile and permanent residence of the agricultural transfer population are not consistent, which makes the existing financial expenditure budget system does not coincide with the current situation of local resident population. In order to achieve the goal of "work, education, housing and security" for the agricultural migrant population in their permanent residence, it is necessary to first solve the problem of basic public services that they urgently need. This undoubtedly requires a huge amount of public financial support. We should gradually straighten out the relationship between power and power, establish an institutional system commensurate with the responsibility for expenditure, and realize the expansion of the calculation and distribution of financial transfer payments from the registered population to the resident population. we will expand the existing basic public services, such as compulsory education, social security, employment support and indemnificatory housing, which are mainly aimed at urban registered residents, to the agricultural transfer population who have entered urban employment, and promote the full coverage of basic public services to the resident population.

At present, we should focus on the following work: first, we should study and improve the financial management system at and below the provincial level as soon as possible, and increase financial subsidies and support to areas with a large number of agricultural transfer population. When adjusting the income division below the province, the factor of agricultural transfer population should be taken into account in order to enhance the ability of cities and towns with large agricultural transfer population to improve basic public services. The second is to urge local governments to establish a mechanism to link financial transfer payments below the provincial level with the citizenization of agricultural transfer population. The allocation of general transfer payments should take into account the factors of increasing expenditure brought about by the agricultural transfer population, and the distribution of special transfer payments should be gradually calculated according to the caliber of the resident population, so as to effectively alleviate the pressure of financial expenditure increased by absorbing the agricultural transfer population in some cities and towns. The third is to strengthen the scientific calculation of the financial expenditure cost of the citizenization of the agricultural transfer population. Improve the relevant statistical analysis work to provide a basis for improving the system and mechanism of linking financial transfer payments with the citizenization of agricultural transfer population. In addition, it is necessary to further create conditions to gather social forces, open up channels for enterprises and private capital to participate in the provision of public services, introduce market subjects and social organizations to share public service expenditure, and work together to promote the citizenization of agricultural transfer population.

To maintain the land contract rights, homestead use rights and collective income distribution rights of farmers settled in cities.

To effectively protect the land contract rights, homestead use rights and collective income distribution rights of farmers settled in cities is very important to improve the enthusiasm of farmers to settle in cities, smoothly promote the reform of household registration system, and promote the healthy development of new urbanization. Since the reform and opening up, with the continuous improvement of laws, regulations and policy system, the protection of farmers'"three rights" has made remarkable progress. To promote the new type of urbanization with people as the core, it is necessary to further safeguard the "three rights" of farmers who have settled in cities.

At present, we should focus on the following work: first, to further stabilize the rural land contract relationship and safeguard the land contractual management rights of farmers in cities. We will step up efforts to promulgate specific measures to maintain the stability and long-term stability of the existing land contracting relationship, and revise and improve relevant laws and regulations. We will speed up and ensure the completion of the registration and certification of rural land contractual management rights on schedule, and build a basic system for the protection of farmers' land rights. We will strengthen the standardization of the transfer of contracted land management rights, improve the market and service system for the transfer of land management rights, and improve the access and supervision system for industrial and commercial enterprises to lease contracted land to farmers. The second is to steadily promote the pilot reform of the rural land system. This year, the central government has arranged for the classified implementation of the pilot work of rural land expropriation, the entry of collective construction land into the market, and the reform of the homestead system. it is clearly proposed to prudently and steadily promote the reform of the rural land system on the premise of ensuring that the nature of public ownership of land remains unchanged, the red line of cultivated land does not break through, and farmers' interests are not damaged. It is necessary to study and formulate specific measures to narrow the scope of land expropriation as soon as possible, establish a land value-added income distribution mechanism that takes into account the interests of the state, collectives, and individuals, and improve a reasonable, standardized, and diversified security mechanism for land expropriated farmers. in particular, attention should be paid to ensuring that farmers settled in cities receive fair and reasonable compensation when their land contractual management rights and homestead use rights are expropriated, and it is forbidden to deprive farmers settled in cities of their legal right to compensation for land expropriation. The third is to promote the reform of the rural collective property rights system and effectively protect the right to distribute the collective income of farmers settled in cities. We will explore the effective realization form of the rural collective ownership economy, innovate the operating mechanism of the rural collective economy, and steadily carry out the pilot work of giving farmers the right to share shares in collective assets. All pilot projects must be strictly restricted within their own collective economic organizations to prevent erosion of the collective economy and the interests of farmers. To guide the healthy development of the rural property rights transfer market. We will explore the mechanism of farmers' voluntary and paid withdrawal of the "three rights" and support and guide them to transfer the above-mentioned rights and interests voluntarily and with compensation in accordance with the law.

Strengthen the renovation of urban shantytowns and dilapidated houses in urban and rural areas

The key to promoting a new type of urbanization with people as the core is to worry about the urgent needs of the masses and think what the masses think. To improve the housing security system, we should not only bring qualified migrant workers and their families into the scope of urban housing security, but also strive to improve the housing conditions of people with housing difficulties in urban and rural areas. At present, people in all kinds of shantytowns have poor housing, poor environment and many hidden dangers; people in poor rural areas have a strong demand for safe housing. Improving the housing conditions of people with housing difficulties is a major event in the process of promoting a new type of urbanization. Projects to ensure safe housing such as the transformation of shantytowns are not only major livelihood and development projects, but also "ballast stones" for the healthy development of urbanization. Under the situation that economic development is facing greater downward pressure, the transformation of shantytowns and dilapidated houses for urban and rural residents is also an important starting point for structural adjustment and steady growth. By the end of 2014, a total of 20.8 million housing units in shantytowns and 15.65 million dilapidated houses in rural areas had been renovated, effectively improving the housing conditions of people in need, playing a positive role in promoting consumption and expanding investment, and promoting social harmony and stability. However, it should also be noted that this still lags far behind the goal of transforming urban shantytowns and urban villages inhabited by about 100 million people set by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and the task is still very arduous. in particular, there are still many difficulties and problems in innovating the investment and financing mechanism and improving the construction of supporting infrastructure.

At present and for some time to come, we should actively do a good job in the following key tasks: first, strengthen the transformation of urban shantytowns. It is necessary to earnestly do a good job in the preliminary work of land expropriation, compensation and resettlement, actively promote the monetized resettlement of "shed reform," shorten the resettlement cycle, save resettlement expenses, and meet the diversified housing needs of the masses. Second, strengthen the transformation of dilapidated houses in rural areas. It is necessary to actively do a good job in the implementation of provincial subsidy funds, comprehensively promote the earthquake-resistant renovation of agricultural houses, and ensure that the renovated houses meet the construction and safety standards. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the guidance and management of the style and features of rural houses. Third, actively improve the supporting infrastructure of shed transformation areas. Efforts should be made to realize the synchronous planning, construction and delivery of supporting facilities and resettlement housing in shed-transformed areas. Fourth, vigorously innovate the investment and financing system and mechanism. On the basis of overall consideration of the affordability of local finance, it is necessary to formulate management measures suitable for the region, promote the government to purchase "shed reform" services, constantly innovate the mode of cooperation between the government and social capital, and give full play to the supporting role of development finance. to form the main body of diversified "shed reform" implementation.