A new breakthrough has been made in the protection of grain at a high level, and the structure has been adjusted into this year's agriculture.

-- at a time when total grain output hit a new high in 2015

It is the mature harvest season of late rice. In the Xiaokeng Valley of Huangjia Village, Qidu Township, Yongfeng County, Jiangxi Province, two harvesters shuttled back and forth, the golden rice waves fell and were involved, and the full rice grains returned to the warehouse. "it is conceivable that this will be another bumper harvest year." There was a look of satisfaction on the face of villager Huang Jingen.

1.24287 trillion jin! On December 8, the National Bureau of Statistics announced that the country's total grain output in 2015 reached a new high, adding a strong touch to the development of agricultural and rural economy in the "12th five-year Plan".

Changing mode and adjusting structure has become the main line of agricultural development this year.

The grain has been harvested in successive years, the warehouse is full, and the market supply is sufficient, but there is a backlog of corn in some areas, and the production structure has reached the threshold that has to be adjusted.

For a large country with a population of 1.4 billion, the significance of a bumper harvest is self-evident. However, after increasing production for many years, we are also fully aware that the strings of resource utilization are getting tighter and tighter, and the carrying capacity of the ecological environment is getting closer and closer to the limit.

At the national agricultural work conference held at the end of last year, in the face of the practical challenges of development, Minister of Agriculture Han Changfu said: "Grain has been increased year after year, resources have been excessively consumed, and the ecological environment has been damaged." agricultural development is faced with two 'hoops' of ecological environment constraints and resource constraints, which makes it difficult to sustain the traditional development mode of striving for resources, inputs and ecological environment. We must take the road of sustainable development of agriculture that is resource-saving and ecologically friendly. "

In fact, today's bumper harvest is indeed different from the usual sense of bumper harvest, but based on resource endowment, industrial base and market conditions, with equal emphasis on quantity and quality benefits.

In Jilin Province in mid-October, corn has been basically harvested, and the fields in Yushu City and Nong'an County are covered with thick corn stalks waiting to be crushed and deeply turned back to the fields, and some have already begun to "start construction." Due to the high cost of straw crushing and returning to the field in the past, about 60% of organic matter such as straw in the northeast black soil area was burned.

The most fundamental reason for this change this year is to benefit from the subsidy of 90-100 yuan per mu for agricultural machinery operation. According to Wen Yesheng, president of Zhong Yi Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Helong Town, Nong'an County, this year, the central government has allocated 500 million yuan to support 17 major counties in the northeast black soil region to carry out pilot projects for the protection and utilization of black land. his cooperative plans to sign a contract with the government for returning straw to the field for deep ploughing, and he will receive a subsidy of 5000 yuan per mu. In addition, Wen Ye-sheng even counts as a general ledger: "the benefits may not be obvious in recent years, but if they are well managed in the future, they will become high-yield fields, the benefits will be shared equally, and both farmers and land will benefit."

Win a bumper harvest in a different way

From the establishment of high yield to tackling key problems of green production, the Ministry of Agriculture pays more and more attention to the exploration of sustainable development of natural resources. They tell people that production and ecology can go hand in hand with increasing production one after another.

In February this year, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the "opinions on vigorously developing the Model of Green Grain production," emphasizing the need to increase the land output rate, labor productivity, and the utilization rate of inputs, thus opening a tough battle for the concept of green production in agriculture throughout the country.

Rice is the largest food rations in China, the combination of improved varieties and methods and agricultural machinery and agronomy, which runs through the whole process of tackling key problems, implements all aspects of model innovation, and injects new impetus for grain production.

"without unified technical guidance, the output will vary greatly." Wang Guisan, a villager of Chunhua Mountain Village, Chunhua Town, Changsha County, Hunan Province, stood in his rice field and said, "in the past, it was eight to nine hundred jin per mu, but now it can hit 1300 jin. With the guidance of all parties, it is not difficult to increase production now." Through the unified application of improved varieties, unified green prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, unified scientific and technological training, and unified trapping of diseases and insect pests, retail grain growers clenched into fists and connected into pieces, thus promoting the transformation of grain production to grain demand through science and technology.

To increase production in a green way, we should not only improve efficiency, but also reduce consumption. This year is the first year for the Ministry of Agriculture to vigorously promote zero growth in pesticide use, and the goal of "one control, two reductions and three basic" put forward shows China's determination to take the road of sustainable agricultural development.

"reducing medicine is not about not administering drugs, but to improve efficiency and put an end to excessive administration of drugs, indiscriminate administration of drugs, and waste of pesticides." Zeng Yande, director of the planting Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said, "it is necessary to reduce the part of pesticides that do not play a role in pest control through correct selection, scientific application, upgrading of pharmaceutical equipment, and so on. This will not affect grain output, but also save costs and increase income, improve quality and increase efficiency. "

From investment to science and technology, Li Qingshuang, chairman of the people's Grain and Cotton planting Cooperative in Wucheng County, Dezhou, Shandong Province, tasted the benefits of "change."

In his control field of corn borer, the rate of killed plants in the land controlled by Trichogramma was half less than that controlled by pesticides, and the costs of the two control methods were almost the same. only this technique could reduce the use of pesticides by 1 kg per mu on average. Through comprehensive green techniques such as soil testing and formula fertilization, deep pine no-tillage and multi-layer fertilization, his more than 1000 mu land has achieved a 10% reduction in chemical fertilizer use and a 10% increase in production at the same time.

"Sickle bend.

"leading the adjustment of planting structure

In August this year, the Ministry of Agriculture put forward the "Corn structure Adjustment Plan in" sickle bending ", a professional term in steel processing, which vividly describes the key areas of corn structure adjustment in China. The "sickle bend" area includes the cool area of northeast, the ecotone of agriculture and animal husbandry in the north, the arid area of wind and sand in the northwest, the area along Taihang Mountain and the stone desert area in southwest China. The map of China shows a curved distribution from northeast to northwest, which is a typical dry farming area and an advantageous area for the development of animal husbandry, with a fragile ecological environment, but the total planting area of corn accounts for 1% of the total planting area of the country.

Different from the "GSP", the "Plan" clearly puts forward different guiding opinions in different regions, and this kind of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and "prescribing the right medicine to the case" is direct and persuasive.

"This year's beans are weighed by hand, and you know that the weight is sufficient. The measured yield is 20 jin more per mu." Cui Xiangmin, a farmer in Bei 'an City, Heilongjiang Province, said it was all due to "grain and bean rotation." Bei 'an City belongs to the fourth accumulated temperature zone, long-term planting of corn is easy to cause "big spot disease", rotation with soybean can not only alleviate diseases and insect pests, but also improve the yield of both, but the economic benefit of soybean is low. Based on this, the Ministry of Agriculture has implemented the "grain and bean rotation" project in Northeast China this year, with a subsidy of 150 yuan per mu. "The enthusiasm of farmers has been mobilized, the planting structure has become more scientific, and the yield has certainly increased." Bei 'an City Agricultural Bureau Deputy Director Wang Deyou said.

"Grain and bean rotation","grain to feed" and "fallow management", these high-frequency words in the Plan are constantly highlighted. In this optimization of planting structure, tapping new potential of grain production is one aspect, improving the current cultivated land quality in China and restoring ecological level are also important contents.

Wang Chengyun, a farmer in Shanyin County, Shanxi Province, is one of the 36,000 people who grow silage corn there. He said: "When the corn is just ripe, it is sold to the cooperative for 360 yuan per ton." It's very popular. I'm harvesting while counting money." As a pilot area of developing herbivorous animal husbandry from grain to feed by the Ministry of Agriculture, the traditional concept of "planting for grain and straw as feed" has gradually changed, and the new idea of "planting for breeding" is popular.

Spring sowing and autumn harvest, time is moving forward; mechanical roar, science and technology are developing; from high consumption to resource cherishing, ideas are progressing. Among these changes, farmers 'desire to increase production and income is consistent, residents' demand for healthy food is consistent, and the state's efforts to ensure food security are consistent. Harvest is a great plan for the happiness of all people.