Planting and Management of Red Jujube trees

Red jujube is a common good product of tonifying blood in our country, which can not only be eaten raw, but also can be used to make soup and make medicinal materials, so many people plant it. What is the planting and management of the jujube tree?

1. Garden site selection

Jujube trees do not have strict requirements on soil, and various places can make full use of wasteland and saline-alkali land for cultivation. However, the environment such as air, water source and soil should be chosen as far as possible, with flat and open terrain, good drainage conditions, strong soil permeability, good ventilation, high groundwater level and fertile soil. When planting jujube trees in mountainous and hilly areas, sunny slopes with deep soil layers should be selected, while shady slopes should not be planted.

2. Planting varieties

There are many varieties of jujube, but they must have good tree potential, strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, fruit crack resistance, good fruit shape, good fruit color, high nutrient content and good taste.

At present, the excellent varieties used for drying are Jinsifeng, Jinsi honey, seedless red, seedless No. 1, seedless No. 3, Zanhuang jujube and so on. Among the precocious varieties, the excellent varieties used for fresh food are Zaocuiwang, Jingwei fresh jujube, early maturing pear jujube and so on, and the excellent varieties used for processing are pear jujube, Zanhuang jujube and so on. Late-maturing varieties are mainly used for fresh food, high-quality varieties are Jingwei Daxue jujube, winter jujube and so on. New and special varieties, there are fruit shape peculiar Mopan jujube, gourd jujube, tree-shaped peculiar feili red, Longxu jujube and so on.

3. Cultivation mode.

Jujube can be cultivated by dwarfing dense planting type and intercropping type, in which dwarfing dense planting type is mainly suitable for varieties with early fruit and small tree type, and the suitable row spacing is 2 m × 3 m or 3 m × 2 m. Intercropping cultivation is mainly suitable for varieties with medium or large tree type and late fruit, with row spacing of 8 to 10 meters. The distance between plants is 3 to 5 meters. Other crops can be planted among trees in the early stage.

4. Cultivation time

Jujube can be cultivated in spring and autumn. When planting with 2-year-old and more than 2-year-old root tiller seedlings, the survival rate can easily reach more than 90% when planted in spring, but it is difficult to reach more than 90% even after planting in autumn. However, the survival rate of autumn planting can reach more than 70% even without watering, while the survival rate of spring planting without watering is obviously lower than that of autumn planting.

5. Management technology

(1) Fertilizer and water management: according to rainfall, water can be irrigated once in mid-May, early June and late June to ensure that the seedlings are not dry. After the slow seedling stage in late July, 150 grams of urea is applied to each plant. In addition, after the seedlings germinated and spread their leaves, 0.4% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate were sprayed on the leaves every 10 to 15 days.

(2) pest control: spraying 2000 times of monocrotophos or 50% Apollo plus 50% methamidophos mixture in late May and early and mid-June can effectively control pests such as red spiders, bugs, and jujube leaf ticks.

(3) check the replanting: after the seedlings germinate and spread their leaves, investigate the survival of the seedlings, and according to the situation of dead or missing plants, replanting seedlings with soil before sprouting in autumn or the next year. In addition, in the year when jujube seedlings were planted, there sometimes appeared the phenomenon of false death without germination. the branches of the false dead plants were soft and the skin was green and bright, so the fake dead seedlings should be watered and ploughed to promote their germination and growth as soon as possible.

(4) Flower and fruit protection: jujube trees pick the heart and top during flowering to reduce the consumption of nutrients. In addition, spray 10-15 mg / kg gibberellin or jujube Huabao solution during flowering. Carefully spray 50 mg / kg naphthylacetic acid or 10 mg / kg anti-falling hormone solution 2 times 3 times 4-5 weeks before fruit ripening (white ripening period), and spray once every 10-15 days.

Generally speaking, red jujube trees are easy to grow, as long as the land and seedlings are selected, and water, fertilizer, pruning and other management work can be done after planting.