What is the planting technology of blueberries? What is the effect and effect?

Blueberries are not only attractive in color, but also moderately sour and sweet in taste. The first country to cultivate blueberries is the United States. Because of its high nutritional value, blueberries have become popular in the domestic market. So, what are the techniques for growing blueberries? What is the effect and effect?

What are the planting techniques of blueberries?

1. Garden site selection

The orchard should be selected in the area where there is no convenient transportation and convenient irrigation. Flat land and gentle slope land can directly dig planting holes, and the planting hole specification is generally 60cm × 60cm × 40cm. When applying base fertilizer, mix the soil taken out into the rotten sawdust or the humus soil under the pine forest or rotten barnyard manure, mix evenly and then backfill the human cave.

two。 Planting requirement

Select 1-year-old 2-year-old seedlings with plant height above 30cm and base diameter of main stem above 5mm, and container seedlings are recommended. It is required that the plant is strong, the root system is developed, and there is no obvious damage. At least two varieties of the same type with the same florescence were planted in the same plot to facilitate mutual pollination, and the variety allocation ratio was generally 1:1 or 1:2 or 1:3.

Bare-root seedlings should be planted before the end of November to the end of February next year, and container seedlings can be planted in any season, preferably in the dormant period. The planting density was determined according to the land conditions, and the row spacing of rabbit eye varieties was 1.6 × 1.7m × 2.0m. The row spacing of high cluster varieties is 1.2m × 2.0m. When planting, the roots should be stretched and the seedlings should be straight, and the seedlings should be gently raised while covering the soil. The roots should be compacted so that the roots are in close contact with the soil. The planting depth is slightly higher than the original soil mark 2~3cm when the seedlings are in the nursery or container.

3. Field management

Intertillage weeding: according to the occurrence of weeds in the field, intertillage is 3 to 4 times a year, and the depth of intertillage is about 5cm. Improve the soil structure and keep the soil loose and breathable.

Water management: the characteristics of blueberry in water can be summarized as drought resistance, water preference and fear of waterlogging. Blueberry has strong drought resistance, but because the root system is shallow, excessive drought will affect its growth, so adequate water is very important for blueberry. But too much water can also cause blueberry root rot. If the weather is sunny in summer, irrigate every day or two.

Fertilization principle: the requirements of various nutrients for blueberry growth and fruiting should be fully met, organic fertilizer should be applied, and chlorine-containing fertilizer and chicken manure should be prohibited. Commonly used fertilizers are biogas liquid fertilizer, green manure, cake fertilizer, compost, retting manure and barnyard manure and other organic manure.

4. Shaping and pruning

The main purpose of the young tree stage is to cultivate the tree potential. During this period, flower buds should be erased, weak branches should be thinned and nutrition consumption should be reduced. In the growing season, the new shoots of young trees were coring around 40cm to increase the sprouting amount of lateral branches and rapidly expand the crown width. For the 3-year-old 4-year-old fruit tree, the weak branches in the lower part and the overcrowded branches in the middle of the crown were removed. For the fruiting main branches of more than 5 years, those on the general tree potential plants should be retracted in time, and those on the strong tree potential plants can be cut off from the base of the main branches.

5. Pest control

The new planting areas are generally disease-free or not serious, and the pests are mainly poisonous moths, diamondback moths and other pests adjacent to the orchard, such as peach heart-eating insects, longicorn beetles and so on. Therefore, small blocks of isolation can be used to build gardens in southern mountainous areas to reduce the degree of harm. The new blueberry planting areas are generally disease-free or not serious, and the main pests are poisonous moths, diamondback moths and other pests adjacent to the orchard, such as peach heart-eating insects, longicorn beetles and so on. Therefore, small blocks of isolation can be used to build gardens in southern mountainous areas to reduce the degree of harm.

6. Timely harvest

The ripening period of dwarf blueberry fruit is relatively consistent, and the early ripe fruit is not easy to fall off, so it can be harvested after all the fruit is ripe. After the fruit is harvested, remove withered branches, fallen leaves, stones and other sundries and put them into containers. The ripening period of alpine blueberry fruit is different, the general harvest needs to last 20-30 days, usually once a week. The fruits should be picked manually when they are fresh, and can be harvested by machinery for processing.

What are the effects and functions of blueberries?

1. Clear eyes

It contains anthocyanins that can promote the regeneration of rhodopsin in retinal cells, prevent severe myopia and retinal detachment, and improve vision. At the same time, anthocyanins have the ability to accelerate the regeneration of purple simplicity, which is an indispensable ingredient to ensure good eyesight.

two。 Antioxidation

In addition, anthocyanin is also an effective natural antioxidant. USDA's research shows that blueberries have the strongest antioxidant capacity among the more than 40 fruits and vegetables that people often eat.

3. Improve immunity

It also contains a considerable amount of potassium, which can help maintain fluid balance in the body, normal blood pressure and heart function, and can resist free radicals. Free radicals can be produced in many environments and worsen in the human body, causing a variety of related diseases. By removing free radicals, we can prevent the occurrence of these diseases, reduce the damage of oxygen free radicals to cell membrane, DNA and other cellular components, prevent functional disorders in the body, and enhance people's own immune resistance to diseases.

As the cultivation of blueberries in China started relatively late, the current market supply exceeds demand, and the price is too high, so the planting prospect is still very considerable.