High-yield cultivation techniques of Walnut

Walnut, almond, cashew nut and hazelnut are known as the "four dried fruits" in the world. Walnut kernel is rich in nutrients and beneficial to the human body. Walnut is one of the most popular nut foods. The following editor will introduce the high-yield cultivation techniques of walnut for you.

1. Build a garden

Walnut is a light-loving fruit tree, which requires sufficient light, so it is better to choose the south slope when building a garden in the mountains. It is neither resistant to drought nor waterlogging, so the garden should be equipped with a certain number of reservoirs and do a good job of drainage and waterlogging prevention. The basic site requirements are: gentle slope, convenient transportation, sufficient light, smooth air, thick soil layer, high soil fertility and rich in organic matter. In addition, the application of basic fertilizer in soil preparation is an important link to improve the survival rate, growth and development of walnut.

2. Planting

If walnut seedlings are selected locally, the planting density should be determined according to site conditions and management level. Generally, the row spacing is 5 × 6 meters, and 22 plants per mu are suitable. When planting, it is necessary to achieve the seedling straight, root Shu, soil, and pour through the fixed root water, and cover the plastic film around the seedlings to retain water and moisture.

3. Water and fertilizer

Fertilization: base fertilizer is applied every autumn after fruit harvest, mainly organic fertilizer, with 20ml 30kg per young tree, 50ml 100kg per tree in the early fruit stage, and 150ml 200kg per big tree in the full fruiting stage. the method of fertilization can be ring, radial, strip or hole. Topdressing is carried out three times a year, the first time before flowering, mainly nitrogen fertilizer to promote bud growth, and the second foliar fertilization at the full flowering stage, that is, when 60% of 70% flowers of the whole tree bloom, 0.5% urea + 0.2% borax + 0.3% zinc sulfate + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed to promote neat flowering, pollination and fertilization, and increase fruit setting rate. The third time is in the rapid growth period of young fruit in June, mainly phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, in order to promote fruit development, reduce fruit drop, and improve yield and quality.

Irrigation and drainage: irrigation should be timely in various periods such as flowering, rapid increase of fruit, fertilization and winter drought; pay attention to drainage in the rainy season.

4. Pruning

Walnut pruning during dormancy has the phenomenon of bleeding, so it is appropriate to prune walnut in autumn. Young trees are fruitless and can start in advance from late August, while adult trees are carried out around October after fruit harvest and before the leaves turn yellow. Walnut high-yield tree row mainly has trunk sparse layer shape and natural happy shape.

5. Pest control

Walnut trees have strong disease resistance, and there are not as many diseases and insect pests as other crops, but sometimes diseases and insect pests are caused by improper management. Failure to deal with diseases and insect pests in time, resulting in stunted growth or death. Regularly spray pesticides for prevention, inspect the orchard, determine the disease according to the incidence, and then treat the disease, and do a good job of orchard disinfection and cleaning after harvest.

Generally speaking, walnut varieties and planting methods have their specific requirements, as long as scientific and reasonable planting, it is not difficult to achieve high yield.