Rural homestead will explore the mechanism of voluntary paid withdrawal

Xie Yao, drawn by the Beijing Times

Original title: rural homestead will explore the mechanism of voluntary paid withdrawal

The General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council recently issued the Comprehensive implementation Plan for deepening Rural Reform, which is the top-level design of China's rural reform and the key deployment in the critical period of rural economic and social development.

According to the requirements of the plan, at present and for a period of time in the future, deepening rural reform should focus on five major areas: rural collective property rights system, agricultural management system, agricultural support and protection system, urban-rural development integration system and rural social governance system. With regard to the core issues of reform in these five major areas, it is necessary to clarify the major direction, main contents, and major principles and countermeasures, and further clarify the thinking of reform.

The method of extending the contract of cultivated land for the reform of □ property right system will work out a concrete plan.

★ carried out pilot projects to expropriate rural land, enter the market for collective construction land, and reform the homestead system. We will sum up experience in a timely manner and constantly improve it so as to form replicable and popularized reform achievements. (for more information on basic ideas, please see drawing)

★ deepens the reform of the rural land contract management system. We should step up efforts to amend relevant laws, implement the central government's major policy decision on stabilizing rural land contracting relations and keeping them unchanged for a long time, and timely put forward specific plans on the measures for extending the contracting of cultivated land after the expiration of the second round of contracts and the new contract period.

Unscramble

Clear property rights are the core of market economy. At present, with the deepening of China's market-oriented reform, problems such as unclear ownership of rural collective assets, unclear rights and responsibilities, lax protection, poor circulation and so on are highlighted. How to make the "sleeping assets" in rural areas come alive and let farmers enjoy more property rights? It has become an unavoidable problem in the next step of rural reform.

"taking the road of market economy and clarifying property rights is an unavoidable topic. The clearer the rural collective property rights, the stronger the rural market vitality. " Wang Yukai, a professor at Chinese Academy of Governance, believes that the current reform of China's rural collective property rights system lags behind, which on the one hand can not activate the potential of various elements in rural areas, on the other hand, it is not conducive to the protection of farmers' legitimate rights.

The plan focuses on this issue. The plan proposes that to establish and improve the rural collective property rights system that meets the requirements of the socialist market economic system and the reality of the primary stage of socialism, we must take the protection of the rights of members of farmers' collective economic organizations as the core. Focus on clarifying the ownership of rural collective property rights and giving farmers more property rights. To ensure that the fruits of collective economic development benefit all members of the collective.

"vigorously promoting the reform of the rural collective property rights system is conducive to expanding the sources of farmers' property income and establishing a long-term mechanism for increasing farmers' income." Ye Xingqing believes that further activating land management rights, carrying out pilot projects of collective construction land into the market, and promoting the determination of collective assets to households will all become the focus of reform in the future.

□ agricultural management system helps migrant workers return to their hometown to set up family farms

★ trains professional farmers. Formulate special plans and practical policies to attract young people to work in agriculture, cultivate a new type of professional farmers, and create a new team of high-quality agricultural producers and operators. We will support migrant workers with skills and business ability to return home to set up family farms, lead farmers' cooperatives, and establish agricultural products processing and marketing enterprises and agricultural socialized service organizations.

Unscramble

Grain production depends on the "386199" troops, aging farming, lack of successors in agriculture, and low production efficiency. "who will farm the land" and "how to farm the land" restricts China's agriculture to become bigger and stronger.

For this plan, it is proposed to attract young people to work in agriculture, cultivate a new type of professional farmers, and create a new team of high-quality agricultural producers and operators. It is proposed to speed up the cultivation of new agricultural operators, such as family farms, professional large households, farmers' cooperatives, leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization, and so on.

"compared with small farmers, new agricultural operators such as family farms and professional large households have certain production funds and scale, and can carry out large-scale operation with relatively considerable profits, which can solve the problem of 'who will farm the land'; on the other hand, professional farmers who understand technology and good management can also solve the problem of 'how to farm land', which is conducive to the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture." Said Dang Guoying, a researcher at the Rural Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Experts pointed out that the plan sends a strong signal that the state will vigorously support new types of professional farmers and new business entities, and it is expected that fiscal, taxation, finance and other related policies will be significantly skewed towards this aspect in the next step.

□ support protection system the current "three agricultural subsidies" will be merged

★ established a mechanism for the steady growth of agricultural and rural investment. Regard agriculture and rural areas as the priority security area of financial expenditure, and the investment in the central budget continues to tilt towards agriculture and rural areas, ensuring that investment in agriculture and rural areas only increases but does not decrease.

★ has carried out a pilot reform of agricultural subsidies, merging the existing "three subsidies" (subsidies for improved varieties of crops, direct subsidies for growing grain, and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials) into "agricultural support and protection subsidies", optimizing the direction of subsidy support and highlighting the protection of cultivated land and food security.

Unscramble

On the one hand, the growth rate of national fiscal revenue has obviously slowed down; on the other hand, international food prices remain low, so should we increase investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers? How to reform the agricultural support and protection system? This has become a hot topic from academia to the market recently.

"in recent years, with the country's bumper grain harvest in successive years and international food prices continuing to decline, some people think that the state's support for agriculture can be weakened. However, the document proposes that agricultural investment will only increase, and agricultural support and protection will continue to increase, reflecting the central government's policy intention of not relaxing the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers and ensuring the top priority of agriculture. " Said Zheng Fengtian, deputy dean of the School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Renmin University of China.

The plan clearly proposes to establish a stable growth mechanism of agricultural and rural investment. Regard agriculture and rural areas as the priority security area of financial expenditure, and the investment in the central budget continues to tilt towards agriculture and rural areas, ensuring that investment in agriculture and rural areas only increases but does not decrease.

"the document embodies the new concept of shared development that industry feeds agriculture and the coordinated development of urban and rural areas." Dang Guoying said.

The plan also emphasizes the optimization of the expenditure structure of financial support for agriculture. Zheng Fengtian believes that there are indeed problems such as low efficiency and lack of accuracy in financial support for agriculture, and some agriculture-related special funds show the characteristics of "small, scattered, and chaotic." In the future, financial support for agriculture will first be tilted to large grain growers and major producing areas, which is also conducive to the transformation of agriculture.

According to Xinhua News Agency