Cultivation techniques of Linden Ganoderma lucidum

The cultivation technique of linden ganoderma lucidum is one of the cultivation techniques of ganoderma lucidum. At present, the artificial cultivation of ganoderma lucidum includes linden cultivation and substitute cultivation. What is the specific cultivation technique of linden ganoderma lucidum? Let's take a look together!

I. Seed selection

Select suitable Ganoderma lucidum varieties as cultivated varieties, such as South Korea Ganoderma lucidum No. 1, No. 2, Taishan Ganoderma lucidum No. 1, etc.;

Select appropriate tree species as cultivation medium, such as Fagaceae tree species, Hamamelis tree species, etc.

II. Cultivation process

1. Timing

It is usually arranged from early December to late January of the following year. During this period of low temperature, little rain, high survival rate of inoculation.

2. Empty bags

Fresh logs are cut into short basswood with a length of 30 cm, and residual needle-like objects around the cross section are trimmed with a scraper to avoid puncturing the bag film. Then, three holes with a diameter of 1.8 cm and a depth of 3 cm are punched by an electric rotary or a rotary table. The polished holes are put into low pressure polyethylene bags with a folding diameter of 20-30 cm and a rear 0.005 cm. The holes face the bag wall, and each bag has 2-4 sections. The tightness is moderate. The bag mouth is closed and tied tightly with ropes. The basswood with too thick diameter is split into two halves, and the empty bags are packed. When basswood is dry, soak it in water or add water into bags to increase water content.

3. Sterilization

After stacking, steam is introduced into a steam oven for sterilization. When the bacteria bags are stacked. Every two or three layers shall be left with gaps or stacked in a horizontal row and a vertical row, i.e."well" shape.

When the temperature reaches 100 degrees, keep it for 10 hours without interruption. If you need to add water halfway, it is best to prepare boiled water. The whole process to start the fire so that the temperature quickly rose to 100 degrees, the last 1-2 hours with strong fire attack tail, so that it completely. After sterilization, keep it for 3-5 hours. When the temperature in the stove drops below 70 ℃, gradually open the stove door. Take it out and put it into a cooling room to fumigate and cool with disinfectant. When moving and stacking bacteria bags, use appropriate plastic baskets, handle and clean them gently, and remember to destroy the bag film. If it is packed in polypropylene bags during autoclaving, the pressure of 0.137 MPa shall be maintained for 1.5-2 hours, and it shall fall naturally.

4. Vaccination

Put the cooled material bag into the inoculation box or inoculation room and inoculation cover, and sterilize with disinfectant fumigation or oxygen atmosphere disinfector again. Then two people operate, one person uses 45 watt electric soldering iron to burn the bag film at the hole position of basswood, the other person uses long tweezers to pick up pieces of bacteria and fill them into the hole, and then transfers them to the person who burns the empty to seal with special adhesive tape. If the cultivation seed is expanded and cultured in a plastic bag, sterile finger cuffs can be worn when inoculating, and the bacteria blocks can be directly broken from the bottom incision of the bag and filled into the holes, so that the speed is fast, the effect is good, and the effect is good. The bacteria should be fresh and within 25 days of age.

5, hair bacteria management

After disinfection, the bacteria bags are placed on the shelves or stacked vertically and horizontally on the ground with base plates or foam plastic plates, and the temperature is controlled at about 25 DEG C, so that the hyphae can be quickly planted and spread. The hypha growth speed in Tilia amurensis was fastest in axial direction, followed by transverse direction and slowest in tangential direction. The ratio of length to length was 4:1: 0.5.

Therefore, after inoculation, it should be cultured at appropriate temperature to promote the hypha to quickly grow from the axial direction to the whole surface of Tilia and extend to phloem, cambium and vascular bundle. Keep the indoor air fresh, open the window at noon every day, ventilate, control the relative humidity of the air below 70%, spray 3% Lysol once a week to prevent the breeding of miscellaneous bacteria.

With the increase of mycelium growth, oxygen in the bag decreases and water drops on the bag wall increase. When mycelium forms a bacterial cover on the cross section, it is combined with indoor spraying disinfection, slightly opening the bag mouth, removing moisture and oxygenation, keeping the surface of Tilia wood less dry, promoting mycelium to extend into xylem to tangential growth and spread, and accumulating more nutrients. This moisture removal, oxygenation and growth promotion management is carried out once every 10 days.

If there is water at the bottom of the bag, use a sterile syringe to draw out the water and seal the pinhole with transparent tape.

6. Set up a shed and bury the rod

A. Land preparation and tent construction: select slightly acidic fields with open terrain, good ventilation, convenient drainage and irrigation, and fertile land to quickly make Zhichang. The land is deeply turned and exposed to the sun, and the whole ridge is arranged according to the east-west direction. The ridge width is 1.5 meters, the height is 20 centimeters, the walkway between the ridges is 30 centimeters, the drainage ditch is opened 20 centimeters around, and the pesticide is sprinkled to prevent pests. Every 3 ridges, a plastic greenhouse is erected, the height of the shed is 2 meters, and the flat shed is erected 20 centimeters away from the top of the shed, and the sunshade net with the shade degree of 80% is covered. According to altitude, terrain, production scale, geographical conditions and other suitable for the site, build a shed, small bow shed and forest planting.

B. Discharge of bacteria material: hyphae in the bacteria bag are full of linden wood, reddish-brown fungus cover appears on the cross section, elasticity is felt on the surface of the bacteria material and a small amount of bacteria material appears primordium protrusion, the bacteria material is taken out from the bag in sunny days, shallow ditches are opened on the bed, the bacteria material is horizontally placed in the ditch, the inoculation hole is upward, each row is 4 sections, the row spacing is 8-10 cm, the bacteria material is filled with 2 cm, slightly pressed and compacted, watering makes the soil moisture content reach about 60%, keeps the moist state, but avoids ponding.

7. Management of Zhizhi

A. Early stage: the temperature is lower after the bacteria are buried in the soil, mainly for heat preservation. During the day, the cover on the roof of the shed is thinned to receive light and increase the ground temperature. Keep the temperature in the shed above 22 degrees. About half a month, the original base is exposed to the soil surface, pay attention to ventilation, ventilation once every 2-3 days at noon on sunny days, and control the relative humidity of the air at about 85%.

B. Medium term: the temperature rises, the temperature difference is large, pay attention to cooling during the day, thicken the cover on the roof of the shed, and control the temperature by about 28 degrees. At this time, the fruiting body grows faster, and the ventilation should be increased. The surrounding shed film can be rolled up, about 6-10 cm away from the ridge surface, to prevent carbon dioxide accumulation and abnormality. The relative humidity is controlled at 90%-95%, and the humidity is often sprayed into the air. The film should be lowered at night to reduce the temperature difference between day and night. After harvest, the mycelium recovered and the primordium regenerated 2 days after harvest.

C. Late stage: the temperature gradually drops, the air tends to dry, the emphasis is on heat preservation, the cover is thinned during the day to increase the temperature in the shed, and the number of sprays is increased. When ventilating, ventilate southeast to prevent attacks from northwest. Through careful management, strive for more production of Ganoderma lucidum, produce good Ganoderma lucidum.

8. Timely harvest

When Ganoderma lucidum pileus fully developed, the pale white or light yellow edge basically disappeared, the pileus began to leather, brown, began to eject spores, after 7 days of bagging to collect spores (The spore collection method is described below) should be harvested in time, if not harvested at this time, it will affect the formation of the second crop of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, harvest with a sharp knife, cut at 0.5-1CM of the stem, do not pull out the fungus skin together, so as to avoid the introduction of pests and diseases spread, at the same time the second crop of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body is difficult to form, harvested culture material, after several days of cultivation, spray a soybean milk water, a few days later will grow the second crop of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Clean the collected Ganoderma lucidum and dry it on plastic cloth or bamboo curtain, or dry it in a dryer.

9. Other management

Temperature: Ganoderma lucidum belongs to high temperature fungi, mycelium growth range 15--35 ℃, suitable for 25-30 ℃, mycelium can withstand low temperature below 0 ℃ and high temperature of 38 ℃, fruiting body primordium formation and growth temperature is 10-32 ℃, the most suitable temperature is 25-28 ℃;

Water: Different growth stages require different water content. In the hypha growth stage, the water content in the culture medium should be 65%, and the relative humidity of the air should be controlled at 65%--70%. In the fruit body growth stage, the relative humidity of the air should be controlled at 85%--95%.

Light: Ganoderma lucidum is very sensitive to light during its growth and development. Light inhibits the growth of mycelium. Practice has proved that when the light is 0, the average daily growth rate is 9.8mm. 9.7mm under 50LX illumination, but only 4.7mm under 3000LX illumination.

pH: Ganoderma lucidum likes to grow in an acidic environment, requiring pH values ranging from 3--7.5, PH4 -6 is optimal.