High-yield cultivation techniques of Millet

Millet is a common crop, which has a long history of cultivation in China and contains very high nutritional value. So, what are the high-yield cultivation techniques of millet?

1. Land selection and rotation

Because the millet seed is small, the bud is weak, and the top soil capacity is poor, millet should be planted on the land with loose soil, flat terrain, thick soil layer, good drainage and irrigation and high content of organic matter. After the plot has been selected, it is necessary to prepare and prepare the land carefully. Millet should be rotation stubble, avoid stubble (the same piece of continuous planting millet), do not meet the stubble (in the same piece of land to plant millet every other crop). Millet rotation is usually 3-4 years. The first crop of millet had better be legumes and green manure, followed by wheat, corn and other crops.

2. Fine soil preparation and adequate application of basic fertilizer

Fine soil preparation can prevent drought, preserve soil moisture and preserve seedlings. Soil preparation should be done early, and as soon as the soil is frozen, shallow ploughing should be combined with shallow ploughing. Generally, 5000 kg of farm manure and 15 kg of diammonium phosphate should be applied per mu, and rake to preserve soil moisture immediately after ploughing. After soil preparation, the soil should be fine, transparent, flat, velvety, empty and solid, and can be sown without residual stubble.

3. Sowing seeds

The main results are as follows: (1) when sowing millet seeds, the lowest germination temperature is 7-8 ℃, and the optimum temperature is about 13 ℃, and the seedlings are not tolerant to low temperature, so the sowing date of millet should be determined according to local conditions. It is appropriate to sow seeds from late April to early May in Zhangye. Grain seeds are mixed with 50% carbendazim according to 5% of seed weight, which can control smut.

(2) the sowing amount and depth are calculated according to the number of seedlings, germination rate, true hybrid rate and 1000-grain weight, and the general sowing amount is 1-1.5 kg per mu. Sowing depth should grasp the principle that the soil moisture is good and shallow, the soil moisture is poor, and the sowing depth is 3-4 cm.

(3) there are many sowing methods of millet, and the common methods are sowing and machine sowing (strip sowing and hole sowing).

(4) sowing requires the use of sowing or sowing machine sowing, and requires uniform sowing, no missing sowing, continuous ridges, consistent depth, and timely suppression after sowing. The plots with serious spring drought and poor soil moisture can increase the frequency of suppression so as to increase the emergence rate.

4. Field management

The main results are as follows: (1) Seedling management should do a good job in seedling protection, squatting, interseedling, weeding and so on. 3-leaf period seedling, 5-leaf stage fixed seedling, strip sowing plant spacing 8-10 cm, row spacing 18-20 cm; hole sowing plant spacing 20 cm, row spacing 20 cm, leaving 2-3 plants per hole, 37000-42000 seedlings per mu, combined with inter-seedling or fixed seedling, shallow medium ploughing and loose soil for millet squatting seedling to promote strong seedling, weeding and preserving soil moisture, keeping consistent seedling growth when fixing seedling, leaving strong seedling without weak seedling, leaving green seedling without yellow seedling, staying healthy seedling without diseases and insect seedlings. False hybrids should be pulled out when setting seedlings among hybrids.

(2) when jointing to heading stage enters the jointing stage in late June, it is necessary to combine watering, deep ploughing and topdressing 15 kg of urea per mu. To the booting stage, combined with watering, 20-25 kg per mu of ternary compound fertilizer, timely ploughing and weeding, and more mid-ploughing in dry weather, intertillage can not only increase the yield, but also improve the rice quality.

(3) the special millet herbicide can be used to spray herbicides, which can remove the common annual monocotyledon and dicotyledonous weeds in millet fields, such as Magnolia mandshurica, barnyardgrass, Setaria, Chenopodium, etc., saving labor and effort. It can be sprayed on the soil surface before emergence after sowing, or before weeds are unearthed in the 3-5 leaf stage of grain seedlings, and should not be used in the top soil of seeds.

5. Prevention and control of diseases and pests

(1) Millet is vulnerable to corn borer and underground pests at seedling stage and jointing and heading stage. if there are insect pests, 5% phoxim 50 ml and 40 kg water can be sprayed per mu.

(2) Millet from filling to maturity, especially early-maturing varieties, should pay attention to preventing bird damage and lodging.

6. Timely harvest

It can be harvested when the ears of millet turn yellow, the grains harden and the leaves of millet turn yellow. Do not thresh immediately after harvest, dry for 7-10 days and then thresh, use post-ripening to increase yield.

If you want millet to have a high yield, you must understand its varieties before planting and use scientific management methods to improve quality and yield.