How to grow rapeseed

Every March to April, rape will bloom all over the hillside, very beautiful, and after the flower thanks, it will grow full seeds, squeeze out more oil, how to grow rape?

1. Seed selection

According to the local cultivation system and climatic conditions, combined with the local soil fertility level and production situation, the varieties with strong stress resistance and high yield were selected.

2. Land selection and preparation

The nursery bed should be ventilated and sunny, the soil is fertile and loose, the plot close to the water source, and the soil preparation is fine. Seedbed preparation is required to be "flat", "fine" and "solid".

3. Sowing seeds

Sow the seeds evenly into the soil, cover the soil, and pour the right amount of water. Generally, the average daily temperature for germination is 16-22 ℃, and the leaf emergence of seedlings needs more than 10-15 ℃. In addition, it is also necessary to ensure that there is at least 40-50 days of effective growth period after transplanting before entering the overwintering.

4. Transplanting

When the seedlings are 30-35 days old, with 5-6 green leaves and 5-6 mm roots, they can be transplanted to the field. When transplanting, according to the row spacing of 50cm × 20cm, planting about 7000 plants per mu, covering soil while transplanting, watering root water in time after transplanting, checking deficiency and replenishing seedlings 3 days after transplanting.

5. Management techniques after transplanting.

(1) Fertilizer requirements: rape plants are tall and require a large amount of fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, generally applying 2000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, 45% general compound fertilizer 25-30 kg or 36% compound fertilizer (15-10-11) 30-40 kg, boron fertilizer 0.5-1 kg. Application method: combine ploughing and ploughing and deep application of organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and boron fertilizer, do not fertilize too shallow, so as not to cause rape to lose fertilizer in the middle and later stage.

(2) Water requirement: rape producing areas generally have less rainfall in autumn, winter and spring, and the soil is dry, which is not conducive to sowing and seedling emergence and cultivation of strong seedlings. The winter drought in the northern region often aggravates the frost injury and causes dead seedlings. There were more Rain Water in the southern region in the later period, resulting in waterlogging or waterlogging damage. Therefore, according to the characteristics of water demand of rape, irrigation and drainage should be carried out in time according to local conditions.

(3) tapping: 45-50 days after transplanting, the bud at the top of the plant should be tapped at the right time to promote the rape to produce more sturdy primary branches, form a good population structure and obtain the best yield. the buds should be removed manually at the growth stage before bolting, and the plant has 8-9 leaves after tapping.

(4) Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: the diseases and insect pests of rape mainly include cabbage pest, jumping beetle, aphid, cotton bollworm, etc. for the damage of cabbage insect, jumping beetle and aphid, it can be sprayed with 3000 times of 25% enemy killing liquid or 40% dimethoate solution of 1000 times. For cotton bollworm damage, 40g / mu plus Wanling 20g can be sprayed with water at the stage of young larvae, spraying twice or three times every 5-7 days.