How to grow tea

For tea, we in China divide tea into six major tea families, namely, green tea, black tea, green tea, white tea, yellow tea and black tea. So how to grow tea?

First, how to grow tea

1. Reclamation

The gentle slope of tea garden reclamation below 15 °is reclaimed directly. The depth of reclamation is 50 cm. The slope above 15 °, the ladder should be built with contour horizontal line, the width of the ladder should be more than 1.5 meters, and then reclaimed. If it belongs to a school land, it can be planted after deep ploughing and leveling, and the raw and wasteland can be reclaimed twice. The depth of initial reclamation is up to 50 centimeters, and it is not necessary to break up the soil after deep ploughing to facilitate water storage. Be careful not to turn the turf into the bottom when reclamation, so that it can be cleared out of the garden during reclamation. After the initial reclamation, the reclamation can be carried out with a depth of 25-30 cm. Reclamation requires breaking up clods of soil and removing firewood and grass roots. Do not turn the turf with dense growth into the lower layer, so as not to form holes after weeds rot, affecting the water and fertilizer absorption of tea seedling roots.

2. Planting

To make use of the growing period of underground activities, it is beneficial to the elongation and development of root system, and to absorb soil nutrients to supply the nutrients needed for aboveground growth. The planting period of tea seedlings in alpine areas should be carried out in February every year (around the Spring Festival).

In the planting ditch of the reclaimed tea garden, the planting tools are used to dig holes 10-12 cm deep and the hole diameter is more than 10 cm. The tea seedlings are planted vertically in the hole, filled with soil, compacted, or tamped with agricultural tools to tamp the trigonal soil layer of the seedling stem, then culture the fine soil 1-2 cm, pour through the water, and the seedlings should be 1-2 cm deeper than normal. It would be ideal if you could choose to plant before it rains. Tea seedlings should be planted in the way of "double-row single plant", the distance between plants is 30 cm, and there is a triangle between plants. Covering rice straw or other grass plants with a thickness of 3-5 cm in the planting ditch tea line is conducive to heat preservation and moisturization, but also to inhibit the growth of weeds.

3. Pruning

The pruning period should be controlled in late May or early June and mid-October after the end of autumn tea.

The pruning method is as follows:

Stereotyped pruning: its purpose is to cultivate a reasonable tree skeleton and high-yielding crown in the young stage. It is generally carried out 4 times, and the new tip blade of each cut must be lignified or semi-lignified. The first trimming is combined with fixed shearing at 15-18 cm off the ground; the second, third and fourth fixed shears are required to raise the edge of the previous fixed scissors by 15 cm. After four times of stereotyped pruning, the height of the tree has reached 60 cm, there are 2-3 grade branching structure, and a reasonable picking crown is initially formed, which can be put into production.

Light pruning: the purpose of light pruning is to adjust the crown and cultivate a good picking surface. Once a year, the degree of light pruning is to cut 3mur5cm off the surface, mainly to cut off the small pile heads and useless new shoots on the crown surface.

Deep pruning: after years of picking and light pruning, a 10-15 cm layer of branches and leaves in the upper part of the crown are cut off by deep pruning, so that tea trees can reproduce new branches, improve their sprouting ability and prolong their high and stable yield years.

Heavy pruning: for semi-senile and pre-senile tea trees, it is generally appropriate to cut off the height of the original tree, combined with finishing (pruning) to re-cultivate strong branches and pick the crown.

Taiwan cutting: for very old tea trees, it is appropriate to saw (or cut) off all the branches at a height of about 10-15 cm from the ground, re-cultivate the skeleton structure and pick the crown.