How to plant marigold seeds?

One of the most common herbaceous flowers in gardens and cities in early spring, having yellow or orange flowers that are easy to grow. So how do you plant marigold seeds?

I. Land preparation

The farmland planting marigold should choose the soil with deep soil layer, loose soil and good drainage and permeability, and melons, corn and beans should be used in the previous crop. When the temperature begins to rise and the plough layer thaws, use heavy harrowing operation as soon as possible. The rake depth is 20cm to 25cm, so that the surface soil is shredded, and the surface of the field is leveled by the rake. At the same time, according to the soil fertility, nitrogen fertilizer 10~15Kg, phosphate fertilizer 5~10Kg and more organic fertilizer should be applied per mu.

2. Seed treatment

First of all, choose excellent marigold hybrids, dry the seeds before sowing, choose sunny and windless weather, and spread the seeds on the tent or cement ground. The thickness is about 1 cm, bask in the sun for 4 to 6 hours, and turn it every 1 hour. Through ultraviolet radiation, it can kill the pathogens on the seed surface, enhance the seed vigor and improve the germination rate.

The soil temperature rises quickly after plastic film mulching, and the sowing date is sown in time when the average air temperature is more than 13 ℃ and the surface ground temperature is more than 10 ℃ after the complete frost is lifted. Use a seeding punch with a diameter of 3 cm to 5 cm to punch a hole 35 cm away from the middle line of the film, with a hole spacing of 30 cm, a hole depth of 7 cm and a hole depth of 7 cm. The holes on both sides of the ridge are triangular, and there is no floating soil in the hole. Point 3 seeds or 4 seeds per hole, and it is better to cover the soil with fine soil with moist fine sand.

III. Field management

Generally, seedlings can emerge 5-10 days after sowing. Because the emergence time is closely related to sowing depth, soil type and local temperature, the emergence time will be delayed when the sowing is too deep, the soil moisture is too high or the temperature is too low. When the seedling height is about 5 cm. When the weather is suitable, the seedlings should be broken and released in time to avoid burning seedlings.

When the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves and the seedling height is about 20 cm, 2 strong seedlings are left in each hole; 3 pairs of true leaves are fixed, and 1 healthy and disease-free seedling is left in each hole; at the same time, weak seedlings, young seedlings and diseased seedlings are removed and transplanted to replenish seedlings where there is a lack of seedlings. The density of remaining seedlings is based on the principle of "fertile land should be sparse and thin land should be dense". When the seedling height is about 30 cm, it is combined with pulling grass, ploughing and loosening the soil, and taking soil in the ditch to cultivate at the base, so that the base produces adventitious roots and prevents lodging and breaking.

IV. Water and fertilizer management

Calendula breviscapus is a medium water-demanding plant, lack of water will lead to plant dwarfism, excessive irrigation will cause plant overgrowth, and yield will be reduced due to the reduction of flower volume. Generally, combined with the rainfall of the same year, the head water is irrigated in the middle of June, the second time in late July, and the third time from late August to early September. The amount of irrigation depends on soil moisture, and border irrigation and drip irrigation are the best. In the budding stage, it is necessary to combine fertilization and timely irrigation to promote more flowering and large flowering, and extra-root topdressing can be carried out in the fields with lack of fertilizer and fresh flower harvest. Promote plant growth and increase flower yield in the later stage.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

During the growth period of calendula, potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with micro-fertilizer was sprayed on the leaves for 2 times, which could increase fertilizer and resist diseases and insect pests. Spraying 70% mancozeb 600 × 700 times before the occurrence of diseases and insect pests can play a protective role. When the disease occurs, it can be sprayed with methyl topiramate, Dysenamine, agricultural streptomycin and so on.

The main pests of calendula are ground tiger and red spider. The control of land tigers can be combined with the application of base fertilizer during soil preparation, and methyl isathion can be applied to the surface evenly with 0.5 kg of 40% methyl isathion and water 30Kg per mu. Or spread 100Kg evenly with 0.5 kg 40% methyl isosphos mixed with water and sand. Combined with soil preparation, rake into the soil. The control of red spider can spray 1.8% Nongke mite EC 2000 times during the growth period of marigold.