How to grow pepper

Pepper is a woody climbing vine native to Southeast Asia and now widely planted in the tropics. How do you grow pepper?

1. The gentle slope land should be selected, the sandy loam with good drainage, good light and fertile soil is better, the area of the plantation does not need to be too large, and the protective forest should be built around or the primary forest belt should be preserved. The pepper garden should have a drainage system to remove stagnant water.

2. Plough the planting land 30 cm deep, remove sundries, build a large terraced field with a slope of less than 5 °, and plant two rows of fields with a width of 6 meters. Build small terraces with a slope of more than 5 °and plant a row. Dig a small drainage ditch on the inside of the terrace. In flat land, gentle slope and large terraced fields, ridge planting can also be used. The planting hole is 80 cm wide and 60 cm deep. When digging the hole, the topsoil and subsoil are placed separately. After a month of exposure, return to the soil, apply fully mature organic fertilizer, superphosphate, and fully mix with the topsoil to make a mound, ready for planting.

3. Pepper mainly adopts the method of cutting propagation, selecting excellent varieties to plant cuttings, selecting strong main vines, and going to the top and pruning 15 days before vine cutting to enrich the tissue. Cut 30-40 cm long, with 5-7 nodes, the upper two sections have branched cuttings, soak in water for half an hour, place in a cool place to moisturize. Insert obliquely on the seedling bed at an angle of 40 °- 50 °, with 2 nodes exposed on the soil surface, keeping 80% of the soil shaded and 90% moist. It began to take root in about 7-10 days, and gradually reduced shade and water after survival. After 20-25 days of cultivation, it can be planted in the nursery.

4. Planting density and period. Generally, the row spacing is 2 × 2.5 meters. 2 × 3 meters can be used for fertile soil and 2 × 2 meters for thin barren land. 5. the pillar that needs to climb in the process of pepper growth, 20 cm from the column, 30 cm deep, the slope is 50 °slope, and compacted. When planting single seedlings, the seedlings are placed opposite the column; when planting double seedlings, the seedlings are placed in the shape of "eight characters" facing the column.

6. Water can be drenched once 1-2 days after planting, and can be reduced gradually after survival. Keep shade for a year after planting. Don't let the sun damage the pepper head and cause the seedlings to die. If there are dead plants after planting, they should be replanted in time. When the pepper seedling pulls out the new vine, it should plant the pillar in time. In addition, attention should be paid to loosening soil, weeding, fertilizing and binding vines.

7. About 10-15 days after planting, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied reasonably to control weeds by ploughing.

8. The plastic method of keeping 6-8 vines and cutting vines 4-5 times is generally adopted, and the top is capped and put into production 2-3 years after planting, and the yield is higher. When small peppers grow new vines, the extra buds and vines should be removed in time. Results when the top crown of pepper is too large and the branches are too dense, the old and weak branches and overlong branches must be cut off, and the outer long branches must be cut short, so as to keep the crown balanced, consistent in size, ventilated and transparent, so as to make full use of light energy and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

9. The small pepper can bind the vine in time, so that the air root can be developed and firmly attached to the pillar. When the new vine grows 3-4 nodes, tie the vine every 10-15 days. Use soft hemp skin to tie several main vines evenly to the pillars under the knots of the vines, so that each section of the main vines is close to the pillars as far as possible. In the direction of changing the column, the distance between the main vines should be wider, so that the pillars can be replaced later. As a result, the pepper is bound 1-2 times a year, tied with plastic rope every 50-60 cm.

Pepper can blossom and bear fruit all the year round. Small peppers must pick flowers in order for the plants to grow normally. When the crown width of the two-year-old plant is more than 120 cm, the lower flower ear of the plant can be retained to bear fruit, but the fertilization management should be strengthened to ensure the normal growth of the plant. Results Pepper, in Hainan Province, generally stay spring flowers, low humidity areas, generally stay spring flowers, summer flowers. The spikes of flowers produced in other seasons will be removed.

Pepper planting process requires a certain degree of care and patience, pepper is afraid of stagnant water, to do a good job in the garden to do a good drainage measures.