Perfecting the system of Agricultural support and Protection-- an interpretation of deepening Rural Reform

Improve the system of agricultural support and protection

-- interpretation of the comprehensive implementation plan for deepening rural reform

Support and protection system is not only the core of modern national agricultural policy, but also the inevitable requirement for the development of modern agriculture in our country. In recent years, with the rapid growth of state financial investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the scope of agricultural subsidies is getting wider and wider, and a relatively complete agricultural support and protection system suitable for China's national conditions has been initially constructed.

However, in recent years, the cost of domestic agricultural production has risen rapidly, the price of major agricultural products is generally higher than that of the international market, and the comparative benefit of agriculture is on the low side, so as to ensure that the rice bowl is firmly in their own hands, ensure the safety of agricultural industry, and enhance the competitiveness of China's agriculture. Support and protection for agriculture must be further strengthened. As the growth rate of financial revenue slows down, and agricultural subsidies increasingly approach the upper limit of "yellow box" subsidies promised by China's accession to the World Trade Organization, the policy of agricultural support protection also needs to be adjusted and improved. The newly released Comprehensive implementation Plan for deepening Rural Reform (hereinafter referred to as "the plan") clearly points out that it is necessary to adhere to the basic principle of giving more, taking less and letting live, improve the efficiency of agricultural support and protection, and speed up the formation of an agricultural support and protection system with comprehensive coverage, clear direction, prominent key points, matching measures and simple operation. In order to ensure the supply of grain and other major agricultural products, promote the increase of farmers' income and realize the sustainable development of agriculture.

Establish a stable growth mechanism of agricultural and rural investment--

Ensure that investment is increased but not reduced, and use financial funds to pry financial and social capital into agriculture and rural areas.

Input is the key to the development of agriculture. The establishment of a stable growth mechanism of agricultural and rural investment is of great significance to the development of modern agriculture and ensuring the supply of grain and other major agricultural products in our country.

The "Program" points out that agriculture and rural areas should be regarded as the priority security area of financial expenditure to ensure that agricultural and rural investment is only increased but not reduced. At the same time, a reasonable division of central and local agricultural support rights and responsibilities. To integrate the transfer payment funds related to agriculture and effectively improve the input performance, we can also take measures such as cooperation between the government and social capital, government purchase of services, guarantee and interest discount, award instead of subsidy, private office assistance, risk compensation and so on, drive financial and social capital to invest in agricultural villages and give full play to the guiding and leverage role of financial funds.

To develop modern agriculture and ensure the supply of major agricultural products, we also need to form a joint force in the construction of irrigation and water conservancy, the reform of agricultural science and technology system, and the improvement of grass-roots agricultural technology extension system. Water conservancy is an indispensable condition for the construction of modern agriculture. The "Plan" proposes to actively promote the comprehensive reform of agricultural water prices and establish a mechanism for the formation of agricultural water prices, an accurate subsidy system for agricultural water use and a water-saving incentive mechanism conducive to water saving. Social capital is encouraged to participate in the construction, operation and maintenance of irrigation and water conservancy projects. At the same time, it is necessary to deepen the reform of the agricultural science and technology system, closely integrate industry, university and research, and agricultural science and education, improve the mechanism for the establishment of scientific research projects and the evaluation mechanism for the transformation of achievements, and strengthen the incentive mechanism for scientific and technological personnel. We will support the development and development of the seed industry and strengthen a number of large backbone seed enterprises with the integration of "breeding, reproduction and promotion". We will improve the grass-roots agricultural technology extension service system and explore various forms of public welfare agricultural technology extension services.

Improve the price formation mechanism of agricultural products and the agricultural subsidy system--

The price reform of agricultural products will be "carried out by variety and promoted gradually", and the subsidy funds will be tilted to the main body of the new agricultural operation, so as not to let the grain farmers and the main producing areas suffer losses.

If China wants to be rich, farmers must be rich. To increase farmers' income, we must maintain a reasonable level of prices of agricultural products. To improve the price formation mechanism of agricultural products and the market regulation system, it is necessary to give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources through reform. All kinds of major agricultural products have different degrees of importance in the national economy and the people's livelihood, and the "plan" proposes to adopt the method of "implementing policies according to varieties and advancing gradually" to improve the price formation mechanism of agricultural products. We will improve the regulation and control of the agricultural products market, avoid excessive government intervention, invigorate market circulation, and enhance market vitality. In the circulation of agricultural products, we should strengthen the construction of modern circulation system of agricultural products supported by informatization, vigorously develop the circulation of agricultural products new business type, and give full play to the role of e-commerce platform in connecting farmers and the market.

Agricultural subsidy is an important means to support the development of modern agriculture. On how to improve the agricultural subsidy system, the "plan" requires that the continuity and stability of agricultural subsidy policies should be maintained, the "yellow box" support policy should be adjusted and improved, and the implementation scale and scope of the "green box" support policy should be gradually expanded. improve the effectiveness of agricultural subsidy policies.

As for the investment of subsidy funds, the Program emphasizes that the adjustment of part of the stock funds and the new subsidy funds should be tilted to all kinds of new agricultural operators with moderate scale operation, highlighting the focus of financial support for agriculture, continuously increasing investment in agricultural infrastructure construction and comprehensive agricultural development, improving the input mechanism for promoting agricultural scientific and technological progress and strengthening farmers' skills training, and strengthening support for the adjustment of agricultural structure. We will increase support for agricultural inputs and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools. At the same time, we should improve the interest compensation mechanism for major grain producing areas, so that farmers and major grain producing areas will not suffer losses.

Establish a mechanism for sustainable development of agriculture

Popularize the mode of reducing and cleaning agricultural production, and implement actions to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land.

The sustainable development of agriculture is not only the future direction of China's agriculture, but also our unshirkable responsibility to future generations. In order to establish the mechanism of sustainable development of agriculture, it is necessary to strengthen the innovation of the mechanism of ecological protection, popularize the mode of reducing and cleaning agricultural production, improve the compensation mechanism for reducing and improving efficiency of agricultural inputs, and develop ecological circular agriculture. We will do a good job in ecological management, implement actions to protect and improve the quality of cultivated land, and strengthen the treatment of cultivated land polluted by heavy metals and the protection of black land in Northeast China. We will further promote the conversion of farmland to forests and grasslands, return moisture to lakes, restrict animal husbandry and fishing, and improve the compensation system for ecological protection.

In addition, the Program also puts forward requirements for speeding up the innovation of the rural financial system. It is necessary to constantly innovate the model of rural financial services, promote the combination of commercial finance, cooperative finance and policy finance, and promote the development of universal financial service. we will speed up the establishment of a modern rural financial system that is multi-level, wide-coverage, sustainable, moderate competition and controllable risks that adapt to the characteristics of China's agricultural production. (interpreter: Wu Hongyao, Zhang Zheng reporter from the Office of the Central Rural work leading Group, Zhu Jun Changqin)