Cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus

Jinfu mushroom is a very common edible mushroom, thick, crisp and tender, slightly sweet and delicious, good storability, suitable for fresh sale and dry processing, well received by the market. So what are the cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus?

1. Batch fermentation of culture materials

First, the wheat bran, gypsum powder, quicklime and other auxiliary materials are evenly mixed in the dry state, and then fully mixed with the main materials such as cottonseed shell and waste bacterial bran which are pre-wet for 24 hours, mixed with clean water, the water content in the material is adjusted to 65%, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5. Then the culture material is piled into a material pile with a width of 1.5 meters, a height of about 1.5 meters and a suitable length, and the pore space is 30 cm to promote aerobic fermentation. When the feed temperature rose to 60 ℃, it began to turn the pile for 2 to 3 times, and the fermentation time was 7 to 10 days. After fermentation treatment, the culture material is brown, loose, non-stick, immortal, no odor, no rancidity. Hold the culture material tightly with your hands, and it is appropriate to have water droplets between your fingers without dripping. If the moisture is too low, 0.5% lime water can be sprayed and stirred evenly to prolong the fermentation for 2 days.

2. Sterilization and inoculation in bags

The bag is made of 17 cm × 55 cm × 0.4 μ m ethylene, and the weight of the bag is about 2 kg. Sterilize in the pot in time after bagging to avoid acidification and deterioration of the culture material. The bacteria tubes installed in the sterilization stove are stacked, and appropriate gaps should be left between the heaps to facilitate the flow of steam. It is suitable to be sterilized under atmospheric pressure for 100 ℃ for 13 hours. After coming out of the pot, the feed temperature dropped below 28 ℃ and inoculated.

III. Germ management

The mycelium needs shading treatment during the growth period, and the mycelium grows vigorously in the dark. After inoculation, the bacteria bag was moved into a clean, well-ventilated and dimly lit culture room to send bacteria. The indoor humidity during the mycelial growth stage is about 70%. When the air temperature is low, the bacteria bag is discharged closely, and the temperature is properly increased to 20 ℃. In the middle and later stage of mycelial development, the metabolism of mycelium is accelerated and oxygen demand is increased, so more windows should be opened for ventilation, or fine needles should be used to pierce 4 and 6 holes in mycelium. After the mycelium grows full of bags, a comprehensive piercing is carried out to speed up the ripening effect of the mycelium. However, after piercing the hole, the temperature rises rapidly, and indoor ventilation should be strengthened.

4. Cover the soil

1. Fully unbagged and covered with soil, the mycelium grew full in the culture material after 40-50 days at the appropriate temperature. when the material surface was white and a small amount of primordium was formed, the bed or border cover soil could be arranged. Peel off the plastic film of the bacterial bag and put it on the ground border, the spacing is 1-2 cm, fill the bacterial bag with soil, and then cover the surface with soil. The sandy loam soil can be sprayed with 3% lime or 1000 times prochloraz after exposure, and then piled up for 5 days. The thickness of the soil layer should be 3-4 cm.

two。 Covering the soil in the bag: after the mycelium grows all over the bag, there is no need to take off the plastic film, the bag is neatly discharged on the mushroom rack, the mouth of the bag is open and sprinkled with sterilized vegetable garden soil or river mud bran soil, the bag is sprayed with water to moisturize, and the whole mushroom room also needs to spray water to moisturize, so that the air humidity of the mushroom room is more than 85%.

5. Management of mushroom production

After covering the soil, properly reduce ventilation, increase the concentration of carbon dioxide and keep the soil moist. When the hyphae climb up the soil surface and distribute evenly on the soil surface, strengthen ventilation or spray water to promote the mycelium lodging and prevent the excessive growth of aerial hyphae from affecting the emergence of mushrooms. The mycelium of the material surface kink to form a mushroom bud 15-20 days after soil mulching. After covering the soil for about 7 days, the hyphae climbed onto the soil surface, and when the hyphae were covered with the soil surface, the humidity difference treatment was increased, the times of ventilation was increased, and the mycelium kink primordium was differentiated and mushroom buds were formed. When Jinfu mushroom Leda rice grains are large, do not spray water directly to the mushroom buds. On dry days, you can spray water mist into the air lightly, increasing the air humidity to 80-85%. At the same time, ventilation and light intensity should be strengthened to avoid producing inferior mushrooms with long stalks and thin covers. When the fruiting body grows to about 3 cm, the frequency of water spraying should be increased, twice a day, enough fresh air should be maintained, the water content of the overlying soil layer should be increased to about 70%, and the air humidity should be kept at 85% Mel 95%.

Golden Pleurotus ostreatus is very popular in the market, whether it is fresh or dried, it is very popular, and the cultivation is very simple, which is very suitable for large-scale cultivation.