Cultivation techniques of citrus seedlings

Citrus has a long history of cultivation in China, a wide variety of varieties, a wide range of cultivation, market sales have been good. At present, there are still many farmers growing, so what is the cultivation technology of citrus seedlings?

1. Build a garden

Citrus has strong adaptability to soil and can be planted after all kinds of soil improvement. The mountain garden is built in accordance with the principle of "wearing a hat" at the top of the mountain, "wearing boots" at the foot of the mountain and "planting fruit" on the hillside, that is, it does not destroy the natural forest belt and vegetation on the top of the mountain, and the forest area is set aside at the foot of the mountain to protect the fruit planting area on the upper waist, which can effectively ensure the balance of natural ecology.

2. Colonization

The seedlings of citrus seedlings should be non-toxic, disease-free and healthy nutrition cup seedlings, and the grafted seedlings of Fructus Aurantii should be recommended. The planting row and plant should be determined according to the topography, and can be planted in two rows with a large border, with a row spacing of 3 m × 3 m or a row spacing of 2.5 m × 3 m and a furrow spacing of 6 m. The appropriate size of the planting pit is 60 cm × 60 cm × 40 cm, and 74 × 88 plants can be planted per mu. The citrus planted before the Spring Festival can achieve 3-5 shoots. The citrus planted in autumn from September to November can achieve 4-6 shoots in the coming year.

3. Water and fertilizer

For the newly planted citrus seedlings, we must fully apply organic fertilizer, thoroughly improve the soil to make a good foundation, ensure that the two shoots in the coming spring, apply sufficient base fertilizer, at the same time, at the bottom of the planting pit, apply 5 kilograms of bio-organic fertilizer and soil to form a funnel layout. After planting the seedlings, 40-50 cm away from the trunk, and then spread 0.5 kg of Happy soil Fu'an and other biological organic-inorganic special fertilizer, sprinkle a circle. It is appropriate to cover soil 3cm to 5cm thick. After planting, each plant was watered thoroughly.

4. Fixed pole

After 1-2 times of new shoots, the main stem can be determined according to the condition of the tree. The main stem of densely planted fruit trees is 25-30 cm, and that of sparsely planted fruit trees is 30-40 cm. 3-4 branches are left as main branches.

5. Pruning

Branches at all levels (2-5 grades) are pruned strictly according to the principle of "five leaves three, three leaves two". After the shoot is ripe, the longer and stronger branches are selected for topping and topping, and the short branches and weak branches are not cut and reserved as inner bore branches.

6. Protect flowers and fruits

From flowering to flowering, the petals are shaken in time to prevent petals from rotting and adhering to the young fruit in cloudy and rainy days, which is conducive to turning green, improving the fruit setting rate and reducing the occurrence of gray mold. In the full flowering period, flowering period, if you encounter "hot and dry wind" or "late spring cold" and other disaster weather, plant growth regulators should be selected to protect flowers and fruits.

7. Pest control

There are many kinds of diseases and pests in flowering and young fruit stage, so it is necessary to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Diseases and insect pests include anthracnose, scab, canker, flower bud maggots, wood lice, leaf miner, aphids, red spiders, thrips and so on.

The cultivation of citrus seedlings has a direct impact on the fruit yield in the later stage. therefore, the species in the cultivation process should be managed scientifically according to their growth habits.