How to grow cabbage

Cabbage is one of the most important vegetables in China, which contains high-quality protein, cellulose, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients. At present, it is cultivated in many parts of our country, so how to grow cabbage?

1. Select varieties

The precocious varieties with short growth period are selected, the weight of single ball is about 1 kg, and the harvest time is about 45 days after planting, which is more suitable for consumers' consumption habits, and does not affect the sowing time of overwintering vegetables in the next crop, such as the Dutch variety Switzerland and so on.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time

The temperature requirement of cabbage seedlings is not strict, but the temperature requirement of heading stage is very strict, which should be about 17 ℃, which is beneficial to the formation and growth of leaf balls. Therefore, the summer sowing time is around the end of July.

3. Cultivate strong seedlings

The main results are as follows: (1) to make a seedbed: the seedbed should choose a pollution-free plot with good ventilation, high terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, no vegetables of the same family and close to the planting field. The formula of seedling bed soil is 6 parts of field soil and 4 parts of mature organic fertilizer. 1 kilogram of ternary compound fertilizer, 80 grams of carbendazim and 100 grams of phoxim granule are added to every cubic meter of nutritious soil.

(2) sowing and dividing seedlings: in late July, fill the prepared seedling bed with enough bottom water, spread the seeds evenly, cover about 1 cm of fine soil, cover with film to moisturize, insert arches, and cover the sunshade net. When the seedlings are unearthed more than 70%, remove the plastic film in time to prevent the seedlings from being baked. When the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart (about 10 days after sowing), once dividing the seedlings can be beneficial to survival in the evening or cloudy days. The seedling water should be watered in the dark trench and thoroughly.

(3) seedbed management: cabbage seedlings have strong resistance to stress, but the work of insect control and grass control must be done to avoid being swallowed by insects and grass. The main pests are aphids, Plutella xylostella and Pieris rapae, which can be used alternately with Wanling and 1.8% avermectin. Due to the short time of seedling stage, depending on the situation of worms, the medicine can be used for 2 times.

4. Land preparation and planting

It is appropriate to select the legumes or melons whose previous crops are non-cruciferous, applying rotten organic fertilizer 3000 kg per mu, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer 30 kg per mu, turning the land to make a border with a width of 1.2m, planting 2 rows, plant spacing of 40 cm, and protecting seedlings of 2500000 plants per mu. When the seedling grows to 5 ~ 6 leaves, the seedling is sprayed once before planting, that is, the seedling cluster is re-sprayed with 600x chlorothalonil and 3000 times Wanling in the seedling bed, and it is managed properly after planting. In general, there is no need to use drugs, and there is basically no disease during the whole growth period. Planting water should be timely, in order to slow down the seedlings, not dry seedlings.

5. Fertilizer and water management

After planting, squatting seedlings should be ploughed with less fertilizer and water, so as to promote underground growth. After slow seedling, keep the soil dry and wet, in order to expand the leaf assimilation area, apply 1 kg urea per mu; enter the heading stage, in order to meet the growth needs, we should give sufficient fertilizer and water, re-apply nitrogen fertilizer, properly increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and apply 2 kg diammonium phosphate per mu to promote the rapid expansion of leaf bulbs in a short time.

6. Harvest

When the top of the leaf ball of cabbage flattens, the leaf ball can be harvested when the leaf ball is tight. Precocious varieties generally have a net weight of 1-1.5 kg per ball.

If the cabbage is planted and sold in the base, it is also necessary to keep two or three old leaves in the lower part of the bulb during harvest to protect the bulb, prevent extrusion and mechanical damage in transportation, and improve the commerciality of the bulb.