How to plant night orchids with high yield

Night orchid, also known as night orchid and night fragrance, is a common flower in South China, which can not only be used for vegetable cooking, but also for medicinal purposes. It has high application value. How to plant orchids with high yield that night?

1. Land selection and preparation

Before sowing, choose the nursery with better water and fertilizer conditions as the seedling site. Turn deeply, crush the soil and rake flat to make the border, the width of the border is 1 to 1.2m.

2. Seed selection and sowing

(1) seed treatment: plump, ripe scarlet fresh fruit is picked, rubbed in clean water, peel and floating impurities and shrunken grains are removed, and dried.

(2) sowing time: it can be sowed in both spring and autumn, and spring sowing is usually used. Spring sowing is possible from March to May. When the temperature is 16 ℃ ~ 22 ℃, it will germinate 25-35 days after sowing. It is suitable for autumn sowing from September to early October.

(3) sowing method: strip sowing according to row spacing of 30m, sowing seeds and fine sand mixed evenly on the seedbed, after sowing, cover soil 1.2cm thick, then cover grass, irrigate. When 2-3 true leaves appeared, the seedlings began to grow, and the plant spacing 10~15cm was retained. And combined with weeding, topdressing human and animal manure, spraying water to the leaves after application, so as not to burn the seedlings with fertilizer, and planting when the seedlings are high 15~20cm.

3. Field management

(1) pruning: when the newly planted seedlings grow to 10~15cm height, the apical buds should be removed in time, and the 6~8cm height should be retained. When the newly planted shoots grow to 8~10mm height, the second coring should be carried out, that is, the apical buds should be removed, so repeated several times, plump crowns can be formed, and the molded plants are still growing continuously, which should be pruned in time, long and short branches, and dense branches to keep the tree in a graceful appearance.

(2) watering: night orchids like to be moist, potted night orchids are easy to dry because of limited potted soil, and will die due to lack of water if they are not watered in time. But it should not be watered too much, otherwise it will lead to futile growth. Long-term basin soil is too wet, the root breathing is poor, it is easy to cause rotten root and lead to death. Watering should be moderate when cultivating night orchids, and water should be properly controlled before budding to promote flower bud differentiation. After budding and flowering and fruit stage, the pot soil should be slightly moist and not waterlogged. The high temperature period in summer and autumn should be watered once in the morning and evening, once a day or every other day in spring, and once in several days in winter. Prevent stagnant water in the rainy season or rainy days, so as to avoid the death of rotten roots.

(3) fertilization: when going up the basin or turning the basin to change soil, it is appropriate to mix some bone powder or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer into the culture soil, and apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer once in half a month, not only nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise the branches and leaves will grow and not be pregnant buds. Thin cake fertilizer is applied every 3 to 4 weeks in the peak growing season. 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on the leaves once a month from April to June, and the leftover can be drenched on the roots to promote flower bud differentiation. Generally, it is not suitable to apply fertilizer in autumn to prevent new shoots from sprouting and suffering frost injury. Organic fertilizer can be applied once as base fertilizer in winter. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be determined according to the growth of night orchids and the needs of different growth periods.

(4) temperature: the most suitable temperature for the growth of night orchids is 20 ℃ ~ 32 ℃ and is not resistant to cold. In winter, when the lowest temperature drops to about 5 ℃, it is necessary to move into the room of 5 ℃ ~ 10 ℃ to survive the winter. If the room temperature is too low, it is easy to lose leaves, which will affect the growth of the next year, and will freeze to death if it is less than 0 ℃.

(5) Illumination: the night orchid is a positive plant and should be placed in a place with plenty of sunshine and ventilation in order to make the leaves luxuriant and fragrant. Such as home maintenance, flowering can be moved to the windowsill, flowers still need to be placed in a sunny place, poor growth in the semi-shade, the fragrance of the flowers is also light, too shady, the branches are soft, the leaves are light, the flowers are few or no flowers. Winter entry should also be kept in a sunny place.

(6) changing pots: night orchids can be changed every 2-3 years. The best time is from October to November in autumn or from April to May in late spring. It is generally not suitable to change pots in winter. The change of the basin should be determined according to the size of the trees, and the original basin or a slightly larger basin can be used. When changing the basin, it can be combined with root pruning and soil change. if the root system is too dense and too long, it should be trimmed, peel off 50% to 70% of the old basin soil around the soil ball, cut off the rotten roots and part of the old roots, and then deal with them in accordance with the process of putting on the basin. If more original soil is retained, the basin can be changed at any time without seasonal restrictions. If most or all of the resident soil needs to be replaced, the appropriate basin change period should be strictly selected.