Cultivation techniques of blueberry

Blueberry is a healthy and delicious fruit, and more and more people grow blueberries, so what are the cultivation techniques of blueberries? Let's have a look!

I. selection of sites

Select the land with loose fertility and good drainage to build a garden, and carry out deep ploughing to improve the soil.

Orchards should be selected in areas where there is no air and water pollution, convenient transportation, convenient water sources and electricity.

The specific operations of deep ploughing are as follows:

In the autumn of the year before planting, the soil of the whole garden should be turned into more than 40-60cm, a good drainage ditch was dug, and the gentle slope was adjusted into a gentle slope. After applying sulfur powder, the specific dosage should be determined according to the measured soil pH condition, and rotary tillage could be spread twice to ensure uniformity.

Before the second rotary tillage, the amount of material input per mu is about 5 square meters of peat, 3 tons of organic fertilizer, 5-10cm bark cover thickness of sawdust or 3-5cm diameter, and 30-50 square meters per mu.

In order to avoid nitrogen deficiency caused by sawdust, it is also necessary to add 15kg/ mu urea or other kinds of nitrogen fertilizer along with sawdust. Ensure that all kinds of materials are evenly mixed with the garden soil, and the improved soil is basically returned to the ridge after ridging.

II. Seed selection and planting

Choose varieties suitable for local climate, which can be planted in spring, autumn and winter.

Select 1-2-year-old seedlings with plant height above 30cm and base diameter of main stem above 5mm, and container seedlings are recommended. It is required that the plant is strong, the root system is developed, and there is no obvious damage.

At least two varieties of the same type with the same florescence were planted in the same plot to facilitate mutual pollination, and the variety allocation ratio was generally 1:1 or 1:2 or 1:3.

When planting, the roots should be extended and the seedlings should be straight, and the seedlings should be gently raised while covering the soil. The roots should be compacted with the soil so that the roots are in close contact with the soil. The planting depth is slightly higher than the original soil mark 2-3cm when the seedlings are in the nursery or container.

III. Field management

After planting, reasonable field management should be carried out, such as watering, temperature, topdressing and so on.

1. Watering

Irrigation must be carried out before the plant wilts. The determination of irrigation frequency should depend on the type of soil. Sandy soil has weak water-holding capacity and is easy to drought, so it needs to be checked and irrigated frequently; the soil with high organic matter content has strong water-holding capacity, and irrigation can be reduced appropriately, but on this kind of soil, black humus soil sometimes seems to be wet, but it is actually already drought. it is easy to cause mistakes in judgment and requires special attention.

2. Temperature

The absolute lowest temperature is ≥-15 ℃, and the average temperature from January to February ≤ 7.2 ℃ is more than 500h.

3. Topdressing

In the period of topdressing, in the period of leaf bud sprouting, before and after flowering, quick-acting fertilizer is mainly used, and it is suggested that 300-fold solution of root application with sea elves biological stimulant should be applied. After fruit harvest, a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied to avoid the growth of shoots and promote the growth of roots and strong branches.

IV. Diseases and insect pests

Pest control should be carried out during the growth of blueberries.

Blueberry diseases and insect pests are few, common powdery mildew, downy mildew and so on; pests are aphids, mites, fruit flies, longicorn beetles, beetles and so on.

We should pay attention to prevention and comprehensive control, protect and utilize all kinds of natural enemies, maintain the ecological balance in the blueberry orchard, give priority to physical and biological control, and use chemical control if necessary, but use low-toxic, safe or biological pesticides. And pay attention to the safe drug isolation period.