When will bergamot mature

Bergamot usually ripens from September to October every year, and the core of the fruit is separated from the pericarp when it is ripe, forming a slender, curved petal, like a finger. So, what are the cultivation techniques of bergamot?

1. Planting

Bergamot is not cold-resistant, more shade-resistant, too strong light notes cause sunburn or damage shallow roots. The suitable temperature for its growth is 10-31 ℃. Below 0 ℃, it needs to be moved into the greenhouse to overwinter, and it can still grow normally at 43 ℃. It can be planted in open field in Guangdong and Guangxi, with about 110 plants per mu. Bergamot is not strict on soil quality, and the sandy loam with good permeability and permeability is the best, followed by yellow-red sandy soil. The new shoots of seedlings can be planted in four seasons after turning green, and the best planting period is from January to May and from August to September.

2. Fertilization

Fertilization of bergamot should be determined according to the age and growth of the tree. Generally speaking, quick-acting organic fertilizer should be applied once a month from March to August in the first three years, and topdressing can be applied three times a year after entering the full fruit period, and bran cake, compost, human and animal feces and urine should be applied in time before flowering, young fruit stage and after fruit harvest, respectively, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or compound fertilizer should be added, especially winter fertilizer.

3. Colonization

After one year of cultivation of cutting seedlings or grafted seedlings, when the seedlings are as high as 50 cm, they can be planted in both spring and autumn, and the temperature begins to warm up in February, and it is better when new buds are about to germinate. Generally cooked land, first manage the surrounding drainage ditch, according to the plant row spacing of about 3m to dig the nest, if the use of field edge corner planting can be slightly dense, nest diameter of about 50 cm, depth of 30 cm, the nest soil to be fine, it is best to use a triangular arrangement. One seedling per litter must be planted straight, and the whisker root extends in all directions, obstructing the root with fine soil, gently lifting it up several times, so that the root is close to the soil, and then covered with fine soil to step on, and finally the soil is slightly higher than the ground.

4. Management

During the flowering period, bergamot can beat down the excess flowers and male flowers, leaving only 1-2 for each short branch. Or it is safer to pick it when it bears young fruit. Remove fallen leaves and residual branches in winter. During the growing period, with the removal of seriously diseased leaves, concentrated deep burial or burning, in order to avoid re-infection of bacteria. Deep ditches were opened around the planted bergamot garden to lower the groundwater level, maintain appropriate soil moisture and enhance soil permeability. Foliar spraying of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and green Fenwei, spraying borax at the beginning and full flowering stage, increased leaf life and photosynthetic capacity, promoted branch maturity and nutrient accumulation, enhanced plant resistance and increased yield.

5. Pruning

Cut the trunk to 15cm and leave 3-5 axillary buds below to promote its germination of strong branches and expand the crown. When the new plant grows slightly to 5-8 cm, remove the apical bud and lateral bud to form a certain tree shape and promote it to enter the fruiting stage ahead of time.

6. Weeding

The flowers began to bloom before and after the stinging (March 6). 2-3 strong female flowers were left in one inflorescence, and the rest were removed. In the fruit protection technology, it is generally required to leave 1-2 fruits for each branch, and more should be removed. In the fruiting period, use your hands to pull up weeds around the plant, do not use a hoe, so as not to hurt the roots. After planting bergamot, the soil should be cultivated once a year for 5 years. After pruning and clearing the garden, the soil was covered with a thin layer of grass on the tree plate.

7. Harvest

Fruit picking: fruits begin to mature one after another at the end of August. When the pericarp changes from green to light yellowish green, choose sunny days to harvest until the end of winter. The fruit is cut into thin slices of 4-7 mm with a knife and dried or dried in time. Strong adult trees, well-managed ones, produce 20-25 kg of fresh fruit per year.

The mature bergamot is golden in color, and can overflow fragrance from time to time, eliminate peculiar smell, purify indoor air and inhibit bacteria. Interested friends can try to plant.